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Personal Rule to Restoration 1629–1660

Attempts at settlement, the radical groups and the Army 1646–1649

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 3

Overview

The surrender at Southwell, the Propositions of Newcastle, the King's delays and handover, the Levellers and the Agreement of the People, the Diggers, the Quakers and Nayler, Presbyterians and Independents, the Agitators, Cornet Joyce, the Heads of the Proposals and Putney.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What did the Levellers demand, who led them, and how was their movement crushed?

Key term

What did the Propositions of Newcastle demand over the armed forces and the King's supporters?

Key term

How did Charles I pass into Parliament's hands in January 1647?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    To whom did Charles I surrender in May 1646, and where?

    Model answer

    To the Scottish army at Southwell near Newark, hoping that giving himself to the Scots rather than to Parliament would divide his enemies.

  2. 2

    What church settlement was pressed on Charles I in the Propositions of Newcastle?

    Model answer

    That he swear the Covenant himself, abolish bishops and accept a Presbyterian Church of England; Charles offered Presbyterianism only for a three-year trial.

  3. 3

    What did the Propositions of Newcastle demand over the armed forces and the King's supporters?

    Model answer

    Twenty years of parliamentary control of the militia, and punishment rather than pardon for a long list of leading royalists.

  4. 4

    Why did Charles I neither accept nor flatly refuse the terms put to him at Newcastle?

    Model answer

    He was certain no settlement could be made without him, so he spun out the talks and played his enemies off against each other.

  5. 5

    How did Charles I pass into Parliament's hands in January 1647?

    Model answer

    The Scots gave him up in return for £400,000 owed to their army, and he was taken south to Holdenby House.

  6. 6

    What did the Levellers ask for in the Agreement of the People in 1647?

    Model answer

    A vote for most adult men, parliaments chosen every two years, equality before the law and freedom of worship.

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