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Germany 1925–1955: The People and the State

The Nazi terror state, propaganda and the people's community

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The SA, Himmler's SS, the Gestapo and the SD, the courts and the People's Court, Goebbels's propaganda ministry and cheap radios, Hitler's personal popularity, the Volksgemeinschaft and Strength Through Joy.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Which institutions kept Germans under Nazi control after 1933?

Key term

Who led the SS from 1929, and what had it originally been?

Key term

What made the Gestapo so feared?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What part did the SA play in the first years of Nazi rule?

    Model answer

    Its brownshirted street fighters broke up opponents' meetings and beat, arrested and imprisoned political enemies.

  2. 2

    Who led the SS from 1929, and what had it originally been?

    Model answer

    Heinrich Himmler, and it had begun as a small bodyguard unit devoted to Hitler personally.

  3. 3

    What made the Gestapo so feared?

    Model answer

    As the secret state police it could arrest on suspicion alone and send a person to a camp without any trial.

  4. 4

    What was the SD?

    Model answer

    The intelligence and security branch of the SS, run by Reinhard Heydrich to gather information on enemies of the regime.

  5. 5

    How were the law courts brought under Nazi control?

    Model answer

    Judges had to swear loyalty to Hitler, and a new People's Court tried political cases and almost always convicted.

  6. 6

    Which ministry did Goebbels run from 1933, and what did it control?

    Model answer

    The Ministry of Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda, which controlled newspapers, radio, film, theatre, art and music.

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AFactories switched from consumer goods to weapons.
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