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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

The Depression, the failure of the League and the road to war

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The Wall Street Crash and its effect on Germany and Japan, Manchuria, Abyssinia and the League, the Rhineland, appeasement and Munich, the occupation of Czechoslovakia, the Nazi-Soviet Pact and the outbreak of war in 1939.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Numbers

How did the American slump of 1929 help bring the Nazis to power in Germany?

Key term

What happened on the New York stock exchange in October 1929?

Key term

Why did the American slump hit Germany so hard?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What happened on the New York stock exchange in October 1929?

    Model answer

    Share prices collapsed in the Wall Street Crash, wiping out savings and ruining banks.

  2. 2

    Why did the American slump hit Germany so hard?

    Model answer

    German recovery had been built on short-term American loans, and the US banks called them in.

  3. 3

    How did the slump help extremist parties in Germany?

    Model answer

    Desperate voters deserted the moderate parties, and the Nazis became the largest party in the Reichstag in July 1932.

  4. 4

    How did the world slump affect Japan?

    Model answer

    Its silk and cotton exports collapsed, and a crowded country with few raw materials turned to conquest to obtain them.

  5. 5

    What did Japan do in Manchuria in 1931?

    Model answer

    It used an explosion on the South Manchurian Railway near Mukden as a pretext to invade, and set up the puppet state of Manchukuo.

  6. 6

    When did Italy invade Abyssinia, and who was its emperor?

    Model answer

    Italy invaded in October 1935, and the emperor was Haile Selassie, who appealed to the League in person.

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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

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John presided.
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AFactories switched from consumer goods to weapons.
BCar plants turned out tanks, aircraft and jeeps.
CProduction outstripped that of every enemy.

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Whigs means party given almost every office by George I after 1714.
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