Where did the English church get its wealth in the years before the Reformation?

From its huge landholdings, from the tithe paid by every household, and from fees and gifts for burials, masses and other services.

What was purgatory, and how did belief in it shape everyday religion?

A place where souls were purified before reaching heaven, so people paid for masses, candles and prayers to shorten a soul’s time there.

Name two ways ordinary parishioners took an active part in the life of their church.

Through parish guilds and fund-raising ales that paid for lights, images and repairs, and through pilgrimage to shrines such as Walsingham and Canterbury.

OCR GCSE History A J410

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The English Reformation c.1520–c.1550

The church in England c.1520 and its critics

3 things to know
Paper 3

Overview

The church's wealth and its churchmen in government, papal authority, the Latin mass and purgatory, parish guilds and lay involvement, the Lollards, Luther's teaching and its arrival in England, the Supplication against the Ordinaries and complaints against the clergy.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Why were leading churchmen powerful in government as well as in religion?

Key term

Who stood at the head of the church in England in 1520?

Key term

In what language was the mass said before the Reformation, and what did that mean for worshippers?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Where did the English church get its wealth in the years before the Reformation?
Model answer
From its huge landholdings, from the tithe paid by every household, and from fees and gifts for burials, masses and other services.
2
Why were leading churchmen powerful in government as well as in religion?
Model answer
Bishops and abbots sat in the House of Lords, and Cardinal Wolsey held the office of Lord Chancellor as well as being a papal legate.
3
Who stood at the head of the church in England in 1520?
Model answer
The Pope in Rome, whose spiritual authority was recognised as standing above the king’s.
4
In what language was the mass said before the Reformation, and what did that mean for worshippers?
Model answer
Latin, so almost no ordinary parishioner understood the words and the priest performed the service on their behalf.
5
What was purgatory, and how did belief in it shape everyday religion?
Model answer
A place where souls were purified before reaching heaven, so people paid for masses, candles and prayers to shorten a soul’s time there.
6
Name two ways ordinary parishioners took an active part in the life of their church.
Model answer
Through parish guilds and fund-raising ales that paid for lights, images and repairs, and through pilgrimage to shrines such as Walsingham and Canterbury.

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