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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

The big ideas behind the twentieth-century international order

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

The rival forms of government between the wars and in the Cold War, communist economics and its weaknesses, superpowers, the end of European dominance, nationalism and self-determination, ideology, disputes over Hitler's aims and new sources.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Which forms of government were in contention in Europe between the wars?

Key term

Which two systems of government did the Cold War set against each other?

Numbers

Which countries outside Europe came under communist government between 1949 and 1975?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Which forms of government were in contention in Europe between the wars?

    Model answer

    Parliamentary democracy, the communist one-party state in the USSR, and the fascist dictatorships of Italy and Germany.

  2. 2

    Which two systems of government did the Cold War set against each other?

    Model answer

    The multi-party elected system of the USA and Western Europe, and the single-party communist rule of the USSR and the Eastern bloc.

  3. 3

    What did communists believe should happen to industry, land and banks?

    Model answer

    They should be owned by the state on behalf of everybody, instead of by private individuals for profit.

  4. 4

    Which countries outside Europe came under communist government between 1949 and 1975?

    Model answer

    China in 1949, North Vietnam, Cuba in 1959, and by 1975 the whole of Vietnam together with Cambodia and Laos.

  5. 5

    What were the main economic weaknesses of communist rule?

    Model answer

    Central planning produced shortages and shoddy goods, collective farming was inefficient, and there was little reward for working harder.

  6. 6

    What is a superpower?

    Model answer

    A state so large, rich and heavily armed, nuclear weapons included, that it can act anywhere in the world and lead a bloc of dependent allies.

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International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975

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John presided.
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AFactories switched from consumer goods to weapons.
BCar plants turned out tanks, aircraft and jeeps.
CProduction outstripped that of every enemy.

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Whigs means party given almost every office by George I after 1714.
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