OCR GCSE History A J410
Castles: Form and Function c.1000–1750Historic environment
China 1950–1981: The People and the StateDepth study
Germany 1925–1955: The People and the StateDepth study
International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975
Migration to Britain c.1000 to c.2010Thematic study
Personal Rule to Restoration 1629–1660British depth
Power: Monarchy and Democracy in Britain c.1000 to 2014Thematic study
South Africa 1960–1994: The People and the StateDepth study
The English Reformation c.1520–c.1550British depth
The Impact of Empire on Britain 1688–c.1730British depth
The USA 1919–1948: The People and the StateDepth study
The USA 1945–1974: The People and the StateDepth study
Urban Environments: Patterns of MigrationHistoric environment
War and British Society c.790 to c.2010Thematic study
The Impact of Empire on Britain 1688–c.1730
Economic impact of war and imperial expansion
- 3 things to know
- Paper 3
Overview
The two wars with France and their cost, the navy, why Parliament mattered, the Bank of England, East India Company goods from India and China, Kolkata, the Calico Acts and the African trade opened.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
What did the wars do to the navy and the trades that supplied it?
Who proposed the Bank of England?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which two long wars did Britain fight against France between 1688 and 1713?
Model answer
The Nine Years' War of 1688–97 and the War of the Spanish Succession of 1701–13.
- 2
How was the enormous cost of these wars met?
Model answer
By a new land tax and heavier customs and excise duties, and above all by borrowing on a scale that created a permanent national debt from 1693.
- 3
What did the wars do to the navy and the trades that supplied it?
Model answer
The navy became the largest in Europe, and the dockyards, shipbuilding, timber, rope, sailcloth and gun trades grew with it.
- 4
Why did Parliament matter more to the government after 1688 than before?
Model answer
Because only Parliament could vote the taxes and stand behind the loans that paid for the wars, so no monarch could rule for long without calling it.
- 5
Why was the Bank of England set up in 1694?
Model answer
To lend the government £1.2 million for the war with France, in return for a charter and interest on the loan.
- 6
Who proposed the Bank of England?
Model answer
The Scottish merchant William Paterson, who went on to promote the Darien Scheme.
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