OCR GCSE History A J410
Castles: Form and Function c.1000–1750Historic environment
China 1950–1981: The People and the StateDepth study
Germany 1925–1955: The People and the StateDepth study
International Relations: The Changing International Order 1918–1975
Migration to Britain c.1000 to c.2010Thematic study
Personal Rule to Restoration 1629–1660British depth
Power: Monarchy and Democracy in Britain c.1000 to 2014Thematic study
South Africa 1960–1994: The People and the StateDepth study
The English Reformation c.1520–c.1550British depth
The Impact of Empire on Britain 1688–c.1730British depth
The USA 1919–1948: The People and the StateDepth study
The USA 1945–1974: The People and the StateDepth study
Urban Environments: Patterns of MigrationHistoric environment
War and British Society c.790 to c.2010Thematic study
The USA 1919–1948: The People and the State
The Detroit Race Riots 1943 and segregation in the armed forces
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Racial tension in wartime Detroit, the rioting of June 1943 and its end, Black Americans in the segregated forces, the Tuskegee Airmen, Executive Order 8802 and Randolph's threatened march, and Truman's desegregation of the armed forces in 1948.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
How was order restored in Detroit, and at what cost?
Who were the Tuskegee Airmen?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Why was there such racial tension in Detroit by 1943?
Model answer
War factories drew huge numbers of Black and white migrants into a city short of houses, so the races competed for homes, jobs and space, as the fight over the Sojourner Truth housing project had shown.
- 2
How did the rioting of June 1943 begin and spread?
Model answer
Fighting broke out between Black and white crowds on Belle Isle and rumours carried the violence into the city, where mobs attacked people and looted shops for two days.
- 3
How was order restored in Detroit, and at what cost?
Model answer
Roosevelt sent federal troops into the city; 34 people had been killed, 25 of them Black, hundreds were injured and property was destroyed.
- 4
How were Black Americans treated in the wartime armed forces?
Model answer
They served in separate units under mostly white officers, with segregated barracks, canteens and even blood supplies, and many were given labouring rather than combat duties.
- 5
Who were the Tuskegee Airmen?
Model answer
The first Black pilots in the American air forces, trained at a segregated Alabama base, who flew fighter escort missions with distinction.
- 6
How did the navy and marines treat Black recruits?
Model answer
The navy long confined them to cooking and cleaning duties and the marines refused them altogether until 1942, when pressure forced both to widen recruitment.
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