Process
AQA A-Level Sociology 7192
Education
Topic overviewThe role and functions of educationClass differences in educational achievementLabelling, subcultures and processes within schoolsGender and educational achievementEthnicity and educational achievementSelection and marketisationPrivatisation and vocational educationEducational policy, equality and globalisation
Methods in Context
Theory and Methods
Culture and IdentityOptional topic
Families and HouseholdsOptional topic
Topic overviewFunctionalist views of the familyMarxist and feminist views of the familyThe New Right, postmodernism and family policyMarriage, cohabitation and divorceFamily diversity and the personal life perspectiveConjugal roles and domestic labourPower relationships and domestic violenceThe social construction of childhoodBirth rates and death ratesFamily size and the ageing populationMigration and globalisation
HealthOptional topic
Work, Poverty and WelfareOptional topic
Beliefs in SocietyOptional topic
Topic overviewIdeology and science as belief systemsFunctionalist views of religionMarxist and feminist views of religionReligion as a force for social changeChurches, sects, denominations and cultsNew religious movements and New Age movementsReligion, gender, ethnicity, age and social classSecularisationBelieving without belonging and postmodern religionGlobalisation, fundamentalism and religion worldwide
Global DevelopmentOptional topic
The MediaOptional topic
Stratification and DifferentiationOptional topic
Crime and Deviance
Topic overviewFunctionalist, strain and control theories of crimeSubcultural theories of crimeInteractionism and labelling theoryMarxist and critical theories of crimeLeft and right realismGender and crimeSocial class, white-collar and corporate crimeEthnicity, policing and the criminal justice systemGlobalisation and crimeThe media, crime and fear of crimeMoral panics and the deviancy amplification spiralGreen crimeState crime and human rightsDenial, neutralisation and prosecuting state crimeSituational and environmental crime preventionRealist crime control, surveillance and the panopticonPunishment, sentencing and the criminal justice systemVictims and victimologyCrime prevention strategies and their limits
Education
Labelling, subcultures and processes within schools
- 2 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Teacher labelling, the self-fulfilling prophecy, setting and streaming, and pupil subcultures.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
How do pro-school and anti-school subcultures differ?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is the first stage in the self-fulfilling prophecy process for working-class pupils?
Model answer
The teacher labels the pupil as less able.
- 2
What happens after a pupil is labelled by a teacher in the self-fulfilling prophecy process?
Model answer
The pupil internalises the label.
- 3
How does a pupil respond after internalising a teacher's label?
Model answer
The pupil acts according to the label.
- 4
What is the final outcome of the self-fulfilling prophecy process?
Model answer
The prophecy is fulfilled—the pupil achieves (or underachieves) as predicted by the original label.
- 5
What did Becker's study find about how teachers judge pupils?
Model answer
Teachers judged pupils against an ideal pupil type based on middle-class standards of conduct, appearance, and speech.
- 6
How can setting and streaming create self-fulfilling prophecies?
Model answer
Pupils in lower sets are labelled as less able and achieve less as a result of internalising these expectations.
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