Who and when
AQA A-Level Sociology 7192
Education
Topic overviewThe role and functions of educationClass differences in educational achievementLabelling, subcultures and processes within schoolsGender and educational achievementEthnicity and educational achievementSelection and marketisationPrivatisation and vocational educationEducational policy, equality and globalisation
Methods in Context
Theory and Methods
Culture and IdentityOptional topic
Families and HouseholdsOptional topic
Topic overviewFunctionalist views of the familyMarxist and feminist views of the familyThe New Right, postmodernism and family policyMarriage, cohabitation and divorceFamily diversity and the personal life perspectiveConjugal roles and domestic labourPower relationships and domestic violenceThe social construction of childhoodBirth rates and death ratesFamily size and the ageing populationMigration and globalisation
HealthOptional topic
Work, Poverty and WelfareOptional topic
Beliefs in SocietyOptional topic
Topic overviewIdeology and science as belief systemsFunctionalist views of religionMarxist and feminist views of religionReligion as a force for social changeChurches, sects, denominations and cultsNew religious movements and New Age movementsReligion, gender, ethnicity, age and social classSecularisationBelieving without belonging and postmodern religionGlobalisation, fundamentalism and religion worldwide
Global DevelopmentOptional topic
The MediaOptional topic
Stratification and DifferentiationOptional topic
Crime and Deviance
Topic overviewFunctionalist, strain and control theories of crimeSubcultural theories of crimeInteractionism and labelling theoryMarxist and critical theories of crimeLeft and right realismGender and crimeSocial class, white-collar and corporate crimeEthnicity, policing and the criminal justice systemGlobalisation and crimeThe media, crime and fear of crimeMoral panics and the deviancy amplification spiralGreen crimeState crime and human rightsDenial, neutralisation and prosecuting state crimeSituational and environmental crime preventionRealist crime control, surveillance and the panopticonPunishment, sentencing and the criminal justice systemVictims and victimologyCrime prevention strategies and their limits
Families and Households
The social construction of childhood
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Ariès, the march of progress and conflict views, age patriarchy, and the new sociology of childhood.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
How do the march of progress and conflict views of childhood differ?
Key term
What is age patriarchy?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does it mean to say childhood is socially constructed?
Model answer
The experience and status of children varies across cultures and historical periods; childhood is not a fixed biological stage but is shaped by society.
- 2
What did Ariès argue about childhood in medieval Europe?
Model answer
Childhood as a distinct life stage did not exist; children were treated as small adults and participated in adult work and social life from an early age.
- 3
How did compulsory education contribute to the emergence of modern childhood?
Model answer
It separated children from adult life, creating a distinct period of learning and dependency before adulthood.
- 4
How did child labour laws contribute to the emergence of modern childhood?
Model answer
They removed children from the workforce, distinguishing childhood as a protected period separate from adult economic activity.
- 5
How did age-specific legislation contribute to the emergence of modern childhood?
Model answer
Laws setting minimum ages for activities like drinking, voting, and sexual consent created clear boundaries between childhood and adulthood.
- 6
What is the march of progress view of childhood?
Model answer
The argument that the position of children has improved over time, with children now more valued, protected, educated, and having better health and living standards.
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