Process
AQA A-Level Sociology 7192
Education
Topic overviewThe role and functions of educationClass differences in educational achievementLabelling, subcultures and processes within schoolsGender and educational achievementEthnicity and educational achievementSelection and marketisationPrivatisation and vocational educationEducational policy, equality and globalisation
Methods in Context
Theory and Methods
Culture and IdentityOptional topic
Families and HouseholdsOptional topic
Topic overviewFunctionalist views of the familyMarxist and feminist views of the familyThe New Right, postmodernism and family policyMarriage, cohabitation and divorceFamily diversity and the personal life perspectiveConjugal roles and domestic labourPower relationships and domestic violenceThe social construction of childhoodBirth rates and death ratesFamily size and the ageing populationMigration and globalisation
HealthOptional topic
Work, Poverty and WelfareOptional topic
Beliefs in SocietyOptional topic
Topic overviewIdeology and science as belief systemsFunctionalist views of religionMarxist and feminist views of religionReligion as a force for social changeChurches, sects, denominations and cultsNew religious movements and New Age movementsReligion, gender, ethnicity, age and social classSecularisationBelieving without belonging and postmodern religionGlobalisation, fundamentalism and religion worldwide
Global DevelopmentOptional topic
The MediaOptional topic
Stratification and DifferentiationOptional topic
Crime and Deviance
Topic overviewFunctionalist, strain and control theories of crimeSubcultural theories of crimeInteractionism and labelling theoryMarxist and critical theories of crimeLeft and right realismGender and crimeSocial class, white-collar and corporate crimeEthnicity, policing and the criminal justice systemGlobalisation and crimeThe media, crime and fear of crimeMoral panics and the deviancy amplification spiralGreen crimeState crime and human rightsDenial, neutralisation and prosecuting state crimeSituational and environmental crime preventionRealist crime control, surveillance and the panopticonPunishment, sentencing and the criminal justice systemVictims and victimologyCrime prevention strategies and their limits
Global Development
- 5 subtopics
- 10 things to know
- Paper 2
- Paper 2, two optional topics chosen from eight
What Global Development covers
Global Development is one of the optional topics on Paper 2. It sets the competing theories of development against each other, then examines globalisation, the agencies that shape development, and the aid, trade, environmental and demographic questions that follow.
Where it is assessed
Paper 2
One of the optional topics, of which a student answers two.
Check the AQA specification ↗The 5 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Theories of development and underdevelopmentModernisation theory, dependency theory, world systems theory and the neoliberal approach.Open →
- Globalisation, transnational corporations and aid agenciesCultural, political and economic globalisation, and the roles of transnational corporations, NGOs, the World Bank and the IMF.Open →
- Aid, trade, industrialisation and urbanisationArguments for and against aid, fair trade, the two industrialisation strategies, and the problems of rapid urban growth.Open →
- Environment, conflict and human developmentSustainable development and environmental injustice, war as a barrier to development, and employment, education and health.Open →
- Population, gender and postcolonial critiquesThe demographic transition model, the population debate, gender and development, and post-development theory.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Process
How does dependency theory explain underdevelopment?
Key term
What do structural adjustment programmes require of developing countries?
Process
What forms does globalisation take, and what are its cultural consequences?
Key term
What is economic globalisation, and what part do transnational corporations play?
Process
What is aid, and what do the World Bank and the IMF provide?
Key term
What problems can rapid urbanisation cause in developing countries?
Key term
Why is education considered essential for development?
Key term
What occurs in stage three of the demographic transition?
Key term
What characterises stage four of demographic transition?
Take Global Development further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Modernisation theory vs Dependency theory
Modernisation theory: the view that traditional societies lack the values needed for development. Dependency theory: the view that underdevelopment is produced by exploitation through colonialism and unequal trade.
Core nations vs Periphery nations
Core nations: wealthy nations that dominate global trade and finance and exploit others. Periphery nations: poorer nations that supply raw materials and cheap labour to the core.
Import substitution industrialisation vs Export-oriented industrialisation
Import substitution industrialisation: protecting domestic industry from foreign competition so that it can develop. Export-oriented industrialisation: producing goods for global markets rather than protecting domestic industry.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does the term 'development' mean in the context of global sociology?
Model answer
Development refers to the process of economic growth, industrialisation, and improvements in living standards, health, education, and quality of life within a society.
- 2
Define underdevelopment and explain what it is often linked to historically.
Model answer
Underdevelopment describes a condition where a country has lower levels of industrialisation, income, and living standards compared to developed nations, often linked to historical exploitation.
- 3
What is meant by global inequality?
Model answer
Global inequality refers to the unequal distribution of resources, wealth, income, and opportunities between different countries and regions worldwide.
- 4
According to modernisation theory, why do traditional societies struggle to develop?
Model answer
Traditional societies lack values conducive to development, such as rationality, achievement orientation, and entrepreneurship.
- 5
What does modernisation theory argue is necessary for developing countries to progress?
Model answer
Development requires the adoption of Western values and institutions, including democracy, capitalism, and modern education systems.
- 6
How does modernisation theory view the path of development for all societies?
Model answer
All societies progress through similar stages of development, following the same path as Western nations.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Global Development revision questions
- What does Global Development cover in AQA A-Level Sociology?
- 5 subtopics: theories of development and underdevelopment, globalisation, transnational corporations and aid agencies, aid, trade, industrialisation and urbanisation, environment, conflict and human development and population, gender and postcolonial critiques. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Global Development organised?
- By the AQA 7192 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Global Development, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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