According to functionalists, what essential functions does education perform for society?

Socialisation into shared norms and values, and creating social solidarity.

What did Durkheim argue was the main purpose of education in society?

To transmit society's culture and shared beliefs from one generation to the next, binding individuals together.

In Parsons' view, what type of standards does the family use when judging children?

Particularistic standards, where children are judged as individuals with unique characteristics.

According to Parsons, what type of standards does the school apply when judging pupils?

Universalistic standards, where all pupils are judged by the same criteria regardless of who they are.

How does Parsons argue that school prepares children for adult life?

By teaching them to be judged by universalistic standards, preparing them for achievement-based adult roles in wider society.

What function did Davis and Moore argue education performs in society?

Role allocation—sifting and sorting individuals into appropriate positions in the occupational hierarchy based on talent and ability.

AQA A-Level Sociology 7192

Education

Topic overview The role and functions of education Class differences in educational achievement Labelling, subcultures and processes within schools Gender and educational achievement Ethnicity and educational achievement Selection and marketisation Privatisation and vocational education Educational policy, equality and globalisation

Methods in Context

Topic overview Access, gatekeepers and research ethics in schools Choosing methods for research in schools Data, theory and validity in educational research

Theory and Methods

Topic overview Research design and choosing a method Sources of data and types of data Positivism, interpretivism and research ethics Consensus, conflict, structural and social action theories Modernity and post-modernity Is sociology a science?Objectivity, value freedom and social policy

Culture and IdentityOptional topic

Topic overview Conceptions of culture Socialisation and the agencies of socialisation The self, identity and difference Identity, age, disability, ethnicity, gender and class Identity, production, consumption and globalisation

Families and HouseholdsOptional topic

Topic overview Functionalist views of the family Marxist and feminist views of the family The New Right, postmodernism and family policy Marriage, cohabitation and divorce Family diversity and the personal life perspective Conjugal roles and domestic labour Power relationships and domestic violence The social construction of childhood Birth rates and death rates Family size and the ageing population Migration and globalisation

HealthOptional topic

Topic overview The social construction of health and models of illness Class and gender inequalities in health Ethnic and regional inequality, and access to health care Mental illness and the power of the medical profession The sick role and the globalised health industry

Work, Poverty and WelfareOptional topic

Topic overview Poverty: definitions, explanations and distribution The welfare state and welfare provision The division of labour and the control of work Work, worklessness and life chances Globalisation and the global division of labour

Beliefs in SocietyOptional topic

Topic overview Ideology and science as belief systems Functionalist views of religion Marxist and feminist views of religion Religion as a force for social change Churches, sects, denominations and cults New religious movements and New Age movements Religion, gender, ethnicity, age and social class Secularisation Believing without belonging and postmodern religion Globalisation, fundamentalism and religion worldwide

Global DevelopmentOptional topic

Topic overview Theories of development and underdevelopment Globalisation, transnational corporations and aid agencies Aid, trade, industrialisation and urbanisation Environment, conflict and human development Population, gender and postcolonial critiques

The MediaOptional topic

Topic overview The new media and its significance Ownership, control and media globalisation The selection and presentation of the news Media representations of social groups Media effects and models of the audience Reception analysis and selective filtering

Stratification and DifferentiationOptional topic

Topic overview Theories of stratification Life chances and dimensions of inequality Defining and measuring social class Changing structures of inequality and globalisation Social mobility

Crime and Deviance

Education

The role and functions of education

3 things to know
Paper 1

Overview

Functionalist and Marxist accounts of what education does for society, and the hidden curriculum.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Who and when

How does Parsons argue school prepares children for their adult roles?

Who and when

How do Marxists argue education reproduces class inequality?

Who and when

What is the hidden curriculum, and what did Willis find in his study of counter-school subcultures?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
According to functionalists, what essential functions does education perform for society?
Model answer
Socialisation into shared norms and values, and creating social solidarity.
2
What did Durkheim argue was the main purpose of education in society?
Model answer
To transmit society's culture and shared beliefs from one generation to the next, binding individuals together.
3
In Parsons' view, what type of standards does the family use when judging children?
Model answer
Particularistic standards, where children are judged as individuals with unique characteristics.
4
According to Parsons, what type of standards does the school apply when judging pupils?
Model answer
Universalistic standards, where all pupils are judged by the same criteria regardless of who they are.
5
How does Parsons argue that school prepares children for adult life?
Model answer
By teaching them to be judged by universalistic standards, preparing them for achievement-based adult roles in wider society.
6
What function did Davis and Moore argue education performs in society?
Model answer
Role allocation—sifting and sorting individuals into appropriate positions in the occupational hierarchy based on talent and ability.

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Education

Methods in Context

Theory and Methods

Culture and Identity

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