Key term
WJEC A-Level Physical Education 601-8485-1
Performance Analysis and Fitness Testing
Levers and Movement Analysis
Joints and the Musculo-Skeletal System
Components of Fitness and Methods of Training
Energy Systems and Principles of Training
Fatigue, Recovery and Rehabilitation
Diet, Nutrition and Hydration
Personality
Stress, Arousal and Anxiety
Motivation and Self-Efficacy
Skill, Ability and Skill Classification
Learning Curves, Theories and Stages
Transfer, Practice, Guidance and Feedback
Sport, Culture and Society
The Emergence of Modern Sport
Social Differentiation in Sport
Short-Term Responses to Exercise
Long-Term Adaptations to Exercise
Carbohydrate Loading and Supplements
Biomechanical Principles
Linear and Angular Motion
Projectile Motion and Fluid Mechanics
Attitudes
Aggression
Social Facilitation
Group Dynamics and Leadership
Attribution Theory
Information Processing and Memory
Ethics, Deviance and Doping
Sport and the Mass Media
Commercialisation and Globalisation
Components of Fitness and Methods of Training
Altitude training and training in hot and cold climates
- 3 things to know
- AS Unit 1
Overview
Oxygen at altitude, altitude training and adaptation, camp length and drawbacks, live high and train low, simulated altitude, heat acclimatisation for a Welsh team, humidity, and the risks of cold climates.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Why is less oxygen available at altitude when the air is still about 21% oxygen?
Key term
Why is there less oxygen available to a performer at altitude?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Why is there less oxygen available to a performer at altitude?
Model answer
Atmospheric pressure falls with altitude, so the partial pressure of oxygen is lower. Less oxygen diffuses from the lungs into the blood.
- 2
What happens to the percentage of oxygen in the air at altitude?
Model answer
The percentage of oxygen stays at about 21%. The partial pressure of oxygen is what falls.
- 3
What is altitude training?
Model answer
Altitude training is training at high altitude, usually above about 2,000 m, for several weeks. The body adapts to the lower oxygen pressure.
- 4
How does the body adapt to living at altitude?
Model answer
The kidneys release more erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red blood cell production. Haemoglobin levels rise, so the blood carries more oxygen.
- 5
Why does an endurance athlete benefit on returning to sea level after altitude training?
Model answer
The extra red blood cells carry more oxygen to the working muscles. Aerobic performance improves until the adaptation fades after a few weeks.
- 6
How long does an altitude training camp usually last?
Model answer
A camp usually lasts about three to four weeks. The body needs this long for red blood cell numbers to rise usefully.
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