What is the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis?

Without oxygen, the breakdown of glucose produces lactic acid. Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue as it builds up.

For how long does the lactic acid system predominate during high-intensity exercise?

The lactic acid system predominates from about 10 seconds up to about 2 to 3 minutes of high-intensity work. Lactic acid then limits further effort at that intensity.

What are the advantages of the lactic acid system?

The lactic acid system releases energy quickly without oxygen. The system provides more ATP than the ATP-PC system and fuels longer sprints.

What are the disadvantages of the lactic acid system?

Lactic acid build-up causes fatigue and pain. The system yields only a small amount of ATP from each glucose molecule.

WJEC A-Level Physical Education 601-8485-1

Performance Analysis and Fitness Testing

Topic overview The coaching process and approaches to performance analysis Video, notational and time-motion analysis Laboratory and field-based fitness testing Validity, reliability and interpreting test results

Levers and Movement Analysis

Topic overview The three orders of lever in the body Mechanical advantage and lever length Planes and axes of rotation Joint movement patterns in sporting actions

Joints and the Musculo-Skeletal System

Topic overview The skeleton, bone types and connective tissue Joint classification and types of synovial joint Major skeletal muscles and their actions Muscle fibre types, antagonistic action and contractions

Components of Fitness and Methods of Training

Topic overview Health-related and skill-related components of fitness Weight training, plyometrics and flexibility training Continuous, fartlek, interval and circuit training Altitude training and training in hot and cold climates Periodisation and SMART goal setting

Energy Systems and Principles of Training

Topic overview ATP and the ATP-PC system Anaerobic glycolysis and the aerobic system The energy continuum, thresholds and VO₂ max Applying the principles of training

Fatigue, Recovery and Rehabilitation

Topic overview Warm-up and cool-down Causes of fatigue, OBLA and DOMS EPOC and its alactic and lactacid components The fate of lactic acid and speeding up recovery Rehabilitation of minor injuries

Diet, Nutrition and Hydration

Topic overview A balanced diet and energy balance Carbohydrates, fats, proteins and the glycaemic index Diets for different sports and pre-competition meals Hydration and sports drinks

Personality

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Social Differentiation in Sport

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Short-Term Responses to Exercise

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Long-Term Adaptations to Exercise

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Carbohydrate Loading and Supplements

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Biomechanical Principles

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Linear and Angular Motion

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Energy Systems and Principles of Training

Anaerobic glycolysis and the aerobic system

3 things to know
AS Unit 1

Overview

Anaerobic glycolysis, its fuel and lactic acid, how long it predominates, the 400 m and the rugby player, and the aerobic system, its end products, fat as a fuel, its ATP yield, drawbacks and the marathon.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What does anaerobic glycolysis produce, and for how long does the lactic acid system predominate?

Key term

What is anaerobic glycolysis?

Key term

What fuel does the lactic acid system use?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is anaerobic glycolysis?
Model answer
Anaerobic glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose without oxygen to resynthesise ATP. Anaerobic glycolysis is also known as the lactic acid system.
2
What fuel does the lactic acid system use?
Model answer
The lactic acid system uses glucose from the blood and glycogen stored in the muscles and liver. Glycogen is broken down to glucose first.
3
What is the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis?
Model answer
Without oxygen, the breakdown of glucose produces lactic acid. Lactic acid causes muscle fatigue as it builds up.
4
For how long does the lactic acid system predominate during high-intensity exercise?
Model answer
The lactic acid system predominates from about 10 seconds up to about 2 to 3 minutes of high-intensity work. Lactic acid then limits further effort at that intensity.
5
What are the advantages of the lactic acid system?
Model answer
The lactic acid system releases energy quickly without oxygen. The system provides more ATP than the ATP-PC system and fuels longer sprints.
6
What are the disadvantages of the lactic acid system?
Model answer
Lactic acid build-up causes fatigue and pain. The system yields only a small amount of ATP from each glucose molecule.

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Performance Analysis and Fitness Testing

Levers and Movement Analysis

Joints and the Musculo-Skeletal System

Components of Fitness and Methods of Training

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