What is negative reinforcement?

Negative reinforcement is removing an unpleasant stimulus when a correct response occurs. A coach stopping criticism when a player performs correctly is an example.

Punishment is giving an unpleasant stimulus to stop an incorrect response. Substitution after a foul is an example.

How does negative reinforcement differ from punishment?

Negative reinforcement strengthens a correct response by removing something unpleasant. Punishment weakens an incorrect response by adding something unpleasant.

How do forms of reinforcement link with the phases of learning?

Beginners need frequent positive reinforcement to stay motivated. Experts need less, and can cope with negative feedback.

WJEC A-Level Physical Education 601-8485-1

Performance Analysis and Fitness Testing

Topic overview The coaching process and approaches to performance analysis Video, notational and time-motion analysis Laboratory and field-based fitness testing Validity, reliability and interpreting test results

Levers and Movement Analysis

Topic overview The three orders of lever in the body Mechanical advantage and lever length Planes and axes of rotation Joint movement patterns in sporting actions

Joints and the Musculo-Skeletal System

Topic overview The skeleton, bone types and connective tissue Joint classification and types of synovial joint Major skeletal muscles and their actions Muscle fibre types, antagonistic action and contractions

Components of Fitness and Methods of Training

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Fatigue, Recovery and Rehabilitation

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Diet, Nutrition and Hydration

Topic overview A balanced diet and energy balance Carbohydrates, fats, proteins and the glycaemic index Diets for different sports and pre-competition meals Hydration and sports drinks

Personality

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Learning Curves, Theories and Stages

Reinforcement and drive reduction theory

3 things to know
AS Unit 1

Overview

Positive and negative reinforcement and punishment, reinforcement across the phases of learning, Hull's drive reduction theory and learning plateaus, maintaining drive, and the overuse of punishment.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What does drive reduction theory say, who proposed it, and how can a coach keep drive high?

Key term

What is reinforcement?

Key term

What is positive reinforcement?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is reinforcement?
Model answer
Reinforcement is the process that makes a behaviour more likely to be repeated. Reinforcement strengthens the link between a stimulus and a response.
2
What is positive reinforcement?
Model answer
Positive reinforcement is giving a pleasant stimulus after a correct response. Praise from a coach is an example.
3
What is negative reinforcement?
Model answer
Negative reinforcement is removing an unpleasant stimulus when a correct response occurs. A coach stopping criticism when a player performs correctly is an example.
4
What is punishment?
Model answer
Punishment is giving an unpleasant stimulus to stop an incorrect response. Substitution after a foul is an example.
5
How does negative reinforcement differ from punishment?
Model answer
Negative reinforcement strengthens a correct response by removing something unpleasant. Punishment weakens an incorrect response by adding something unpleasant.
6
How do forms of reinforcement link with the phases of learning?
Model answer
Beginners need frequent positive reinforcement to stay motivated. Experts need less, and can cope with negative feedback.

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Performance Analysis and Fitness Testing

Levers and Movement Analysis

Joints and the Musculo-Skeletal System

Components of Fitness and Methods of Training

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Reinforcement and drive reduction theory

Overview

What you need to know

What does drive reduction theory say, who proposed it, and how can a coach keep drive high?

What is reinforcement?

What is positive reinforcement?

Questions from this subtopic

What is reinforcement?

What is positive reinforcement?

What is negative reinforcement?

What is punishment?

How does negative reinforcement differ from punishment?

How do forms of reinforcement link with the phases of learning?

Other ways to work this

What is inside Levo

The 3-step method, run for you

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Build It gets the exam shape right

Test It catches misconceptions

Brain Breaks between sessions

Every question in Learning Curves, Theories and Stages, on a schedule.