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Technology for Finance and Disaster Recovery

Data security principles and cyber threats

  • 3 things to know
  • A2 1

Overview

Confidentiality, integrity and availability, data theft and insiders, phishing and spear phishing, conveyancing fraud, malware, ransomware, zero-day attacks and Cyber Essentials.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What does confidentiality mean in data security?

Key term

What does integrity mean in data security?

Key term

What does availability mean in data security?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What does confidentiality mean in data security?

    Model answer

    Confidentiality means only authorised people can access information. A client's tax records must not be seen by unauthorised staff or outsiders.

  2. 2

    What does integrity mean in data security?

    Model answer

    Integrity means data is accurate, complete and has not been altered without authority. An unauthorised change to the bank details on an invoice is a breach of integrity.

  3. 3

    What does availability mean in data security?

    Model answer

    Availability means authorised users can reach data and systems when they need them. A ransomware attack that locks files is a loss of availability.

  4. 4

    Why can the three principles of data security conflict?

    Model answer

    Tight access controls improve confidentiality but can slow legitimate access. A firm must balance protection with staff being able to work.

  5. 5

    What is data theft?

    Model answer

    Data theft is the unauthorised copying or removal of information, such as client lists or financial records. The thief may be an outside hacker or an insider.

  6. 6

    How can an insider cause data theft in a professional services firm?

    Model answer

    A departing employee may copy client contacts to take to a rival firm. Access logs and prompt removal of access on leaving reduce the risk.

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