Fluid friction, drag and air resistance and their factors, laminar and turbulent flow, streamlining, the track cyclist and swimmer, developments in cycling, drag in water and riding behind another cyclist.

What you need to know

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Key term

How do laminar and turbulent flow differ, and how does each affect drag?

Key term

What is fluid friction?

Key term

What is drag?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is fluid friction?
Model answer
Fluid friction is the resistance a body meets when moving through a fluid such as air or water. Drag is fluid friction.
2
What is drag?
Model answer
Drag is the force that opposes the motion of a body through a fluid. Drag acts in the opposite direction to motion.
3
What is air resistance?
Model answer
Air resistance is drag acting on a body moving through air. Air resistance increases with speed.
4
What factors affect drag?
Model answer
Speed, frontal surface area, shape and the surface of the body affect drag. Greater speed and area increase drag.
5
What is laminar flow?
Model answer
Laminar flow is smooth, layered flow of fluid around a body. Laminar flow produces low drag.
6
What is turbulent flow?
Model answer
Turbulent flow is irregular, swirling flow of fluid behind a body. Turbulent flow produces high drag.

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