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Hinduism: Religion and Secularisation

The Brahmo Samaj and the Arya Samaj

  • 5 things to know
  • Component 2

Overview

Recall questions on the challenges facing nineteenth-century Hinduism, Ram Mohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj, Dayananda Saraswati and the Arya Samaj, and how the two reformers differed.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What challenge did traditional Hindu beliefs and practices face in 19th century India?

Key term

What did Ram Mohan Roy emphasise as alternatives to the practices he rejected?

Key term

What was the aim of the Brahmo Samaj movement?

Key term

How did Dayananda Saraswati's view of the Upanishads differ from Ram Mohan Roy's?

Process

What did Ram Mohan Roy reject, which movement did he found, and what was its aim?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What challenge did traditional Hindu beliefs and practices face in 19th century India?

    Model answer

    An encounter with western values brought through British colonial rule, which challenged traditional Hindu beliefs and practices.

  2. 2

    What aspects of Hinduism did Ram Mohan Roy reject in his reform efforts?

    Model answer

    He rejected idol worship, polytheism and caste discrimination.

  3. 3

    What did Ram Mohan Roy emphasise as alternatives to the practices he rejected?

    Model answer

    He emphasised monotheism and rational interpretation of Hindu scriptures.

  4. 4

    Which movement did Ram Mohan Roy found?

    Model answer

    The Brahmo Samaj movement.

  5. 5

    What was the aim of the Brahmo Samaj movement?

    Model answer

    To purify Hinduism by returning to the Upanishads and removing what Ram Mohan Roy saw as later corruptions.

  6. 6

    Who founded the Arya Samaj?

    Model answer

    Dayananda Saraswati.

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