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Judaism: Dialogue with Ethics

Wealth, Tolerance and Religious Freedom in Judaism

  • 3 things to know
  • Component 2

Overview

Jewish teaching on wealth and tzedakah, including Maimonides' levels of giving, the basis for tolerance in the Noahide laws and the command to love the stranger, and modern cases on freedom of religious expression.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

What does the Tosefta teach about righteous people of other nations?

Process

Which Torah command is central to Jewish teaching on the treatment of outsiders?

Process

What proportion of income does Jewish law expect a person to give to tzedakah?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What proportion of income does Jewish law expect a person to give to tzedakah?

    Model answer

    About a tenth (ma'aser kesafim), and normally no more than a fifth, so that givers do not impoverish themselves.

  2. 2

    Why must even a poor person give tzedakah?

    Model answer

    Giving is a duty of justice owed by everyone, and it keeps the dignity of the poor as givers and not only receivers.

  3. 3

    What is the highest of Maimonides' eight levels of giving?

    Model answer

    Helping a person to become self-supporting, through a gift, a loan, a partnership or a job, so that they no longer need charity.

  4. 4

    Why did Maimonides rank giving where neither side knows the other above giving known to the recipient?

    Model answer

    Neither giver nor receiver is embarrassed, which protects the dignity of the poor and keeps the giver's motive pure.

  5. 5

    How do Jewish teachings on wealth combine deontological and virtue-based ethics?

    Model answer

    Tzedakah is a commanded duty to be done whatever a person feels, yet the rabbis also rank giving by the character it shows and the good it achieves for the recipient.

  6. 6

    What are the Noahide laws, and what do they imply for tolerance?

    Model answer

    Seven basic laws that Judaism holds are binding on all humanity, so non-Jews who keep them are righteous without needing to convert.

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