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Hinduism: Self, Death and the Afterlife

The Four Aims of Life

  • 4 things to know
  • Component 2

Overview

Recall questions on dharma, artha, kama and moksha, why dharma governs the others and moksha is highest, how the aims map onto the stages of life and what to do when wealth conflicts with dharma.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

Define the four aims of life.

Process

How should wealth, pleasure and dharma be balanced in a Hindu's working life?

Key term

Name the four aims of life.

Key term

Why do some Hindus argue that moksha should not be postponed to old age?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Name the four aims of life.

    Model answer

    Dharma, artha, kama and moksha.

  2. 2

    Define dharma as an aim of life.

    Model answer

    It is living according to the duty and right order that belong to one's place in society and stage of life.

  3. 3

    Define artha.

    Model answer

    Artha is the pursuit of wealth, security and worldly success by honest means.

  4. 4

    Define kama.

    Model answer

    Kama is the enjoyment of pleasure, including love, sexual fulfilment, beauty and the arts.

  5. 5

    Define moksha.

    Model answer

    Moksha is liberation from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth.

  6. 6

    Why are wealth and pleasure not condemned in Hinduism?

    Model answer

    They are legitimate goods when pursued within dharma, and the householder who pursues them supports both family and the wider society.

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Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AExclusivism holds salvation is available only to Christians.
BInclusivism holds salvation is available through Christ to non-Christians.
CPluralism holds salvation is available through multiple religious paths.

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Olam Ha-Ba means the world to come.
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