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Hinduism: Self, Death and the Afterlife

Samkhya and the Chariot Parable

  • 3 things to know
  • Component 2

Overview

Recall questions on Samkhya's two principles, the gunas, bondage and liberation, the Katha Upanishad's parable of the chariot, and how the atman differs from the Buddhist self.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

In the Katha Upanishad's chariot parable, what do the chariot, horses, charioteer, reins and rider represent?

Key term

How does Samkhya explain bondage?

Key term

In the Katha Upanishad's chariot parable, who is the charioteer and what are the reins?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Name the two eternal principles of Samkhya.

    Model answer

    Purusha, pure consciousness, and prakriti, unconscious matter or nature.

  2. 2

    How does the Samkhya view of the self differ from Advaita's?

    Model answer

    Samkhya holds that there are countless separate conscious selves that are never identical with a single Brahman, and it makes no appeal to God.

  3. 3

    Name the three gunas.

    Model answer

    Sattva, rajas and tamas.

  4. 4

    What are the gunas?

    Model answer

    They are the three strands of nature, of purity and light, of energy and passion, and of inertia and darkness, whose mixture makes up everything material.

  5. 5

    How does Samkhya explain bondage?

    Model answer

    Consciousness wrongly identifies itself with the body, mind and emotions produced by nature, and so seems to suffer their changes.

  6. 6

    How does Samkhya describe liberation?

    Model answer

    Through discrimination the self recognises that it was never part of nature, and it stands free and untouched in its own consciousness.

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