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Judaism: Practices

Kashrut: the Jewish dietary laws

  • 3 things to know
  • Component Group 1

Overview

Kosher and terefah, the animals of Leviticus 11, fish, poultry and produce, shechita, Leviticus 7:26–27, keeping meat and milk apart in the kitchen, when the laws may be broken, and food prepared by non-Jews.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What do the terms Kosher and Terefah mean?

Key term

Where do the dietary laws come from, and why are they kept?

Who and when

Which animals may Jews eat according to Leviticus 11?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What do the terms Kosher and Terefah mean?

    Model answer

    Kosher means fit or proper to eat under Jewish law. Terefah, meaning “torn”, first meant an animal killed by wild beasts and now means any forbidden food.

  2. 2

    Where do the dietary laws come from, and why are they kept?

    Model answer

    The dietary laws come from the Torah, especially Leviticus 11 and Deuteronomy 14. Many are chukim, commands kept out of obedience even without a stated reason.

  3. 3

    Which animals may Jews eat according to Leviticus 11?

    Model answer

    Land animals must both chew the cud and have split hooves, such as cows and sheep. Pigs, camels and rabbits are forbidden.

  4. 4

    What are the rules for fish and poultry?

    Model answer

    Fish must have both fins and scales, so shellfish are forbidden. The Torah lists forbidden birds, mostly birds of prey, and tradition permits chicken, duck and turkey.

  5. 5

    What rules apply to fruit and vegetables?

    Model answer

    All fruit and vegetables are kosher. Leafy vegetables must be checked carefully for insects, which are forbidden.

  6. 6

    What is shechita?

    Model answer

    Shechita is the kosher method of slaughter, carried out by a trained shochet. A single swift cut across the throat with a perfectly sharp knife is meant to minimise pain.

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