Key term
AQA A-Level Psychology 7182
Social Influence
Memory
Attachment
Topic overviewCaregiver-infant interactions: reciprocity and interactional synchronySchaffer's stages of attachmentMultiple attachments and the role of the fatherAnimal studies of attachmentExplanations of attachmentAinsworth's Strange Situation and types of attachmentBowlby's theory of maternal deprivation and effects of institutionalisationInfluence of early attachment on relationshipsCultural variations in attachment
Approaches in Psychology
Biopsychology
Topic overviewDivisions of the nervous systemStructure and function of neurons and synaptic transmissionThe endocrine systemThe fight or flight responseWays of studying the brainLocalisation of function and hemispheric lateralisationPlasticity and functional recovery of the brain after traumaBiological rhythms: circadian, infradian and ultradian
Clinical Psychology and Mental Health
Research Methods
Scientific Processes
Topic overviewAims and hypothesesSamplingPilot studiesExperimental designsObservational designQuestionnaire construction and design of interviewsVariablesControlDemand characteristics and investigator effectsEthicsPeer reviewImplications of psychological research for the economyReliabilityValidityFeatures of scienceReporting psychological investigations
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Topic overviewQuantitative and qualitative data; the distinction between qualitative and quantitative data collection techniquesPrimary and secondary data, including meta-analysisDescriptive statistics: measures of central tendency and measures of dispersionPresentation and display of quantitative data: graphs, tables, scattergrams, bar chartsDistributions: normal and skewed distributionsIntroduction to statistical testing; the sign test
Data Handling and Analysis
Inferential Testing
Issues and Debates in Psychology
RelationshipsOption 1
GenderOption 1
Cognition and DevelopmentOption 1
SchizophreniaOption 2
Eating BehaviourOption 2
StressOption 2
AggressionOption 3
Forensic PsychologyOption 3
AddictionOption 3
Explanations for Nicotine AddictionOption 3
Attachment
Animal studies of attachment
- 5 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Lorenz's work on imprinting in greylag geese and Harlow's surrogate mother experiments with rhesus monkeys, including the lasting effects of early deprivation.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Study
How did Lorenz set up his goose egg experiment?
Study
Describe Harlow's surrogate mother study with rhesus monkeys.
Study
What lasting effects did early deprivation have on Harlow's monkeys?
Evaluation
Give two criticisms of animal studies of attachment.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which species did Lorenz use to investigate attachment through imprinting?
Model answer
Greylag geese
- 2
What is imprinting?
Model answer
An innate readiness to develop a strong bond with the first moving object seen during a critical period
- 3
How did Lorenz set up his imprinting experiment with goose eggs?
Model answer
He divided a clutch of eggs into two groups: one group hatched with the mother goose present, the other group hatched with Lorenz himself present
- 4
What behaviour did the goslings that hatched with Lorenz present display?
Model answer
They imprinted on Lorenz and followed him
- 5
What happened when Lorenz mixed together the two groups of goslings?
Model answer
The goslings separated and returned to their respective imprinted figures (either Lorenz or the mother goose)
- 6
How long is the critical period for imprinting in geese according to Lorenz?
Model answer
Approximately the first few hours after hatching
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