Key term
AQA A-Level Psychology 7182
Social Influence
Memory
Attachment
Topic overviewCaregiver-infant interactions: reciprocity and interactional synchronySchaffer's stages of attachmentMultiple attachments and the role of the fatherAnimal studies of attachmentExplanations of attachmentAinsworth's Strange Situation and types of attachmentBowlby's theory of maternal deprivation and effects of institutionalisationInfluence of early attachment on relationshipsCultural variations in attachment
Approaches in Psychology
Biopsychology
Topic overviewDivisions of the nervous systemStructure and function of neurons and synaptic transmissionThe endocrine systemThe fight or flight responseWays of studying the brainLocalisation of function and hemispheric lateralisationPlasticity and functional recovery of the brain after traumaBiological rhythms: circadian, infradian and ultradian
Clinical Psychology and Mental Health
Research Methods
Scientific Processes
Topic overviewAims and hypothesesSamplingPilot studiesExperimental designsObservational designQuestionnaire construction and design of interviewsVariablesControlDemand characteristics and investigator effectsEthicsPeer reviewImplications of psychological research for the economyReliabilityValidityFeatures of scienceReporting psychological investigations
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Topic overviewQuantitative and qualitative data; the distinction between qualitative and quantitative data collection techniquesPrimary and secondary data, including meta-analysisDescriptive statistics: measures of central tendency and measures of dispersionPresentation and display of quantitative data: graphs, tables, scattergrams, bar chartsDistributions: normal and skewed distributionsIntroduction to statistical testing; the sign test
Data Handling and Analysis
Inferential Testing
Issues and Debates in Psychology
RelationshipsOption 1
GenderOption 1
Cognition and DevelopmentOption 1
SchizophreniaOption 2
Eating BehaviourOption 2
StressOption 2
AggressionOption 3
Forensic PsychologyOption 3
AddictionOption 3
Explanations for Nicotine AddictionOption 3
Forensic Psychology
Dealing with offending behaviour
- 5 things to know
- Paper 3
Overview
The four aims of custodial sentencing and its psychological effects, token economy programmes in prisons, and the three stages of anger management.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Evaluation
What psychological harms and outcomes follow imprisonment?
Process
How does a prison token economy change behaviour?
Process
Describe the three stages of anger management for offenders.
Key term
What is restorative justice and what does it aim to achieve?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name the four aims of custodial sentencing.
Model answer
Incapacitation, deterrence, retribution, and rehabilitation.
- 2
Which aim of custodial sentencing involves protecting the public by physically removing offenders from society?
Model answer
Incapacitation.
- 3
Define incapacitation as an aim of custodial sentencing.
Model answer
Protecting the public by removing the offender from society so they cannot commit further crimes.
- 4
Which aim of custodial sentencing is concerned with discouraging future criminal behaviour through the threat or experience of punishment?
Model answer
Deterrence.
- 5
What is individual deterrence in the context of custodial sentencing?
Model answer
Discouraging the specific offender from reoffending by making them experience the negative consequences of imprisonment.
- 6
What is general deterrence in the context of custodial sentencing?
Model answer
Discouraging others in society from committing crimes by making an example of the punished offender.
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