Key term
AQA A-Level Psychology 7182
Social Influence
Memory
Attachment
Topic overviewCaregiver-infant interactions: reciprocity and interactional synchronySchaffer's stages of attachmentMultiple attachments and the role of the fatherAnimal studies of attachmentExplanations of attachmentAinsworth's Strange Situation and types of attachmentBowlby's theory of maternal deprivation and effects of institutionalisationInfluence of early attachment on relationshipsCultural variations in attachment
Approaches in Psychology
Biopsychology
Topic overviewDivisions of the nervous systemStructure and function of neurons and synaptic transmissionThe endocrine systemThe fight or flight responseWays of studying the brainLocalisation of function and hemispheric lateralisationPlasticity and functional recovery of the brain after traumaBiological rhythms: circadian, infradian and ultradian
Clinical Psychology and Mental Health
Research Methods
Scientific Processes
Topic overviewAims and hypothesesSamplingPilot studiesExperimental designsObservational designQuestionnaire construction and design of interviewsVariablesControlDemand characteristics and investigator effectsEthicsPeer reviewImplications of psychological research for the economyReliabilityValidityFeatures of scienceReporting psychological investigations
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Topic overviewQuantitative and qualitative data; the distinction between qualitative and quantitative data collection techniquesPrimary and secondary data, including meta-analysisDescriptive statistics: measures of central tendency and measures of dispersionPresentation and display of quantitative data: graphs, tables, scattergrams, bar chartsDistributions: normal and skewed distributionsIntroduction to statistical testing; the sign test
Data Handling and Analysis
Inferential Testing
Issues and Debates in Psychology
RelationshipsOption 1
GenderOption 1
Cognition and DevelopmentOption 1
SchizophreniaOption 2
Eating BehaviourOption 2
StressOption 2
AggressionOption 3
Forensic PsychologyOption 3
AddictionOption 3
Explanations for Nicotine AddictionOption 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Data
Primary and secondary data, including meta-analysis
- 4 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Data gathered first-hand against data already collected by someone else, what a meta-analysis does with existing studies, and the file drawer problem.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Evaluation
Give one strength and one weakness of primary data.
Key term
What does a meta-analysis do, and why is it secondary?
Evaluation
What is the file drawer problem?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is secondary data?
Model answer
Data that was collected by someone else for a different purpose and is then used by the researcher in their own study.
- 2
Why does collecting primary data give researchers an advantage in terms of addressing their research aims?
Model answer
Primary data allows the researcher to have control over the data collection process, ensuring it directly addresses their specific research aims.
- 3
What is a practical limitation of collecting primary data?
Model answer
It can be time-consuming and expensive to collect.
- 4
What is an advantage of using secondary data compared to primary data?
Model answer
Secondary data is often quicker and cheaper to obtain than collecting primary data.
- 5
Why might secondary data not be ideal for a researcher's investigation?
Model answer
It may not perfectly fit the researcher's needs as it was collected for a different purpose.
- 6
Why is meta-analysis classified as using secondary data rather than primary data?
Model answer
Because it analyses findings from studies that have already been conducted by other researchers, rather than collecting new original data.
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