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Buddhism

The human personality and human destiny

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Students learn the Five Aggregates and how they support anatta, the Mahayana ideas of sunyata and Buddha-nature, the arhat and bodhisattva ideals, Buddhahood, and the Pure Land of Sukhavati and how it is reached.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What are the Five Aggregates (skandhas)?

Key term

What does the aggregate of form (rupa) refer to?

Key term

Distinguish sensation from perception in the Five Aggregates.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What are the Five Aggregates (skandhas)?

    Model answer

    The Five Aggregates are the five parts that make up a person. Theravada Buddhists list form, sensation, perception, mental formations and consciousness.

  2. 2

    What does the aggregate of form (rupa) refer to?

    Model answer

    Form is the physical body and everything material about a person. The other four aggregates are mental.

  3. 3

    Distinguish sensation from perception in the Five Aggregates.

    Model answer

    Sensation is the raw feeling that something is pleasant, unpleasant or neutral. Perception is the mind recognising and labelling what has been sensed.

  4. 4

    What are mental formations and consciousness in the Five Aggregates?

    Model answer

    Mental formations are the will, habits and intentions that drive a person’s actions. Consciousness is the basic awareness that ties the other aggregates together.

  5. 5

    How do the Five Aggregates support the teaching of anatta?

    Model answer

    A person is only the five aggregates working together, with no extra self behind them. Each aggregate changes constantly, so no permanent person can be found.

  6. 6

    Define sunyata.

    Model answer

    Sunyata means emptiness. Mahayana Buddhists teach that nothing has an independent, fixed nature of its own.

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