AQA GCSE History 8145
America, 1840–1895: Expansion and ConsolidationPeriod study
America, 1920–1973: Opportunity and InequalityPeriod study
Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension in Asia, 1950–1975Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension in the Gulf and Afghanistan, 1990–2009Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension: The First World War, 1894–1918Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918–1939Wider world depth
Elizabethan England, c1568–1603British depth
Germany, 1890–1945: Democracy and DictatorshipPeriod study
Health and the People in Britain, c1000 to the Present DayThematic study
Medieval England: The Reign of Edward I, 1272–1307British depth
Migration, Empires and the People in Britain, c790 to the Present DayThematic study
Norman England, c1066–c1100British depth
Power and the People in Britain, c1170 to the Present DayThematic study
Restoration England, 1660–1685British depth
Russia, 1894–1945: Tsardom and CommunismPeriod study
Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972
The building of the Berlin Wall
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1 section B
Overview
Why West Berlin troubled the USSR, the refugee drain, Khrushchev's ultimatum of 1958 and the Vienna summit, the barrier of 13 August 1961, Kennedy's response, Checkpoint Charlie and the results for the Cold War.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Why did it matter so much who was leaving rather than simply how many?
What happened when Kennedy and Khrushchev met in Vienna in June 1961?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Why was the western half of the divided German capital such a problem for the USSR?
Model answer
It was a prosperous, well-stocked western island deep inside the communist state, and anyone who reached it could walk out of the east for good.
- 2
Roughly how many people left East Germany through the city between 1949 and 1961?
Model answer
About three million, which was something like one in six of the whole population.
- 3
Why did it matter so much who was leaving rather than simply how many?
Model answer
A large share were young, skilled and professional people such as doctors, engineers and teachers, so the east was losing exactly the workers its economy needed.
- 4
What ultimatum did Khrushchev issue in November 1958?
Model answer
That western troops should leave the city within six months and it should become a free demilitarised city; he backed down when the West refused.
- 5
What happened when Kennedy and Khrushchev met in Vienna in June 1961?
Model answer
Khrushchev renewed his demand that the West pull out, Kennedy flatly refused, and Khrushchev came away thinking the new president young and easily pushed.
- 6
What was done overnight on 13 August 1961?
Model answer
East German troops sealed the boundary with barbed wire and roadblocks, cutting the city in two and stopping people crossing to work or to leave.
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