What happened in Manchuria in 1931?

Japanese forces used an explosion on the railway they guarded near Mukden as a pretext to overrun the province and set up a puppet state.

Why did Japan want Manchuria?

It was rich in coal and iron and offered land and markets, at a time when the Depression had destroyed Japan's export trade.

How did the League respond to the invasion of Manchuria?

It sent the Lytton Commission, which took a year to report that Japan was in the wrong; when the Assembly agreed, Japan simply resigned from the League in 1933.

AQA GCSE History 8145

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Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918–1939

The collapse of the League

3 things to know
Paper 1 section B

Overview

How the Depression weakened the League and encouraged aggression, Japan's invasion of Manchuria and the Lytton Commission, Mussolini's invasion of Abyssinia, the half-hearted sanctions and the Hoare-Laval Pact, and why the League had failed to prevent war by 1939.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

How did the Depression of the early 1930s weaken the League?

Key term

Why did the Depression make economic sanctions unlikely to be used?

Key term

Why did hard times encourage aggression abroad?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
How did the Depression of the early 1930s weaken the League?
Model answer
Governments put their own economies first, raised tariffs and cut spending, and would not risk trade or troops to defend another country.
2
Why did the Depression make economic sanctions unlikely to be used?
Model answer
States already losing trade and jobs were not prepared to give up any more of it, especially trade with the aggressor.
3
Why did hard times encourage aggression abroad?
Model answer
Hardship pushed voters in Germany, Italy and Japan towards leaders who promised recovery through conquest, raw materials and empire.
4
What happened in Manchuria in 1931?
Model answer
Japanese forces used an explosion on the railway they guarded near Mukden as a pretext to overrun the province and set up a puppet state.
5
Why did Japan want Manchuria?
Model answer
It was rich in coal and iron and offered land and markets, at a time when the Depression had destroyed Japan's export trade.
6
How did the League respond to the invasion of Manchuria?
Model answer
It sent the Lytton Commission, which took a year to report that Japan was in the wrong; when the Assembly agreed, Japan simply resigned from the League in 1933.

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America, 1840–1895: Expansion and Consolidation

America, 1920–1973: Opportunity and Inequality

Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972

Conflict and Tension in Asia, 1950–1975

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ABlight destroyed the potato crop the poor lived on.

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