Key term
AQA GCSE History 8145
America, 1840–1895: Expansion and ConsolidationPeriod study
Topic overviewThe geography of North AmericaWhy the early settlers went west and the challenges they facedDealing with a different cultureIncreasing conflict on the PlainsThe background to the American Civil WarComing to terms with the MormonsThe aftermath of the American Civil WarThe continued settlement of the westThe resolution of ‘the Indian problem’ after 1865
America, 1920–1973: Opportunity and InequalityPeriod study
Topic overviewThe ‘Boom’Social and cultural developmentsA divided society: prohibition, organised crime and racial tensionAmerican society during the DepressionThe effectiveness of the New Deal on different groups in societyThe impact of the Second World WarPost-war American society and economyRacial tension and developments in the Civil Rights campaigns in the 1950s and 1960sAmerica and the ‘Great Society'
Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972Wider world depth
Topic overviewThe end of the Second World WarThe Iron Curtain and the evolution of East-West rivalryThe significance of events in Asia for superpower relationsMilitary rivalries: the arms race and the space raceThe ‘Thaw’The building of the Berlin WallTensions over CubaCzechoslovakia and the Prague SpringEasing of tension
Conflict and Tension in Asia, 1950–1975Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension in the Gulf and Afghanistan, 1990–2009Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension: The First World War, 1894–1918Wider world depth
Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918–1939Wider world depth
Elizabethan England, c1568–1603British depth
Topic overviewElizabeth I and her courtThe difficulties of a female rulerA ‘Golden Age’Poverty and the treatment of the poorEnglish sailors: Hawkins, Drake, Raleigh and circumnavigationReligious matters: Catholic plots and the threat to the settlementMary Queen of ScotsConflict with SpainThe historic environment of Elizabethan EnglandHistoric site: the Spanish Armada (2027)Historic site: Kenilworth Castle (2028)
Germany, 1890–1945: Democracy and DictatorshipPeriod study
Topic overviewKaiser Wilhelm and the difficulties of ruling GermanyImpact of the First World WarWeimar democracyThe impact of the DepressionThe failure of Weimar democracyThe establishment of Hitler’s dictatorshipNazi economic changes and the impact of warNazi social policy: women, youth, education, churches and racial persecutionNazi control: propaganda, the police state, opposition and resistance
Health and the People in Britain, c1000 to the Present DayThematic study
Topic overviewThe factors that shape this studyMedieval medicineMedical progressPublic health in the Middle AgesThe impact of the Renaissance on BritainDealing with diseasePrevention of diseaseThe development of Germ Theory and its impact on the treatment of disease in BritainA revolution in surgeryImprovements in public healthModern treatment of diseaseThe impact of war and technology on surgeryModern public health
Medieval England: The Reign of Edward I, 1272–1307British depth
Topic overviewHenry III’s legacyDevelopment of government, rights and justiceTrade, towns and villagesEducation and learningThe development of the legal systemMedieval warfare, tactics and technologyThe invasion and colonisation of WalesRelations with ScotlandThe historic environment of Medieval EnglandHistoric site: the Battle of Stirling Bridge (2027)Historic site: Acton Burnell Castle (2028)
Migration, Empires and the People in Britain, c790 to the Present DayThematic study
Topic overviewThe factors that shape this studyInvasion: the Vikings, the Danelaw and the North Sea EmpireA Norman Kingdom and ‘Angevin’ EmpireThe birth of English identitySugar and the CaribbeanColonisation in North AmericaMigrants to and from BritainExpansion in IndiaExpansion in AfricaMigrants to, from and within BritainThe end of EmpireThe legacy of EmpireBritain’s relationship with Europe and its impact
Norman England, c1066–c1100British depth
Topic overviewCauses of Norman ConquestMilitary aspects: Stamford Bridge, Hastings and Norman tacticsEstablishing and maintaining controlFeudalism and governmentEconomic and social changes and their consequencesThe Norman Church and Archbishop LanfrancNorman monasticism, learning and educationThe historic environment of Norman EnglandHistoric site: the Battle of Hastings (2027)Historic site: the White Tower (2028)
Power and the People in Britain, c1170 to the Present DayThematic study
Topic overviewThe factors that shape this studyConstraints on kingshipThe origins of parliamentMedieval revolt and royal authorityPopular uprisings against the CrownDivine Right and parliamentary authorityRoyal authority and the right to representationThe extension of the franchiseProtest and changeWorkers’ movements and the growth of trade unionismWomen’s rightsWorkers’ rightsMinority rights
Restoration England, 1660–1685British depth
Topic overviewCrown and ParliamentThe Catholic questionCharles II’s courtCrisis: the Great Plague of 1665 and the Fire of LondonRestoration cultureLand: the East India Company and overseas possessionsTrade: mercantilism, the Navigation Acts and the slave tradeWar: sea power and conflict with the DutchThe historic environment of Restoration EnglandHistoric site: the Dutch Raid on the Medway (2027)Historic site: St Paul's Cathedral (2028)
Russia, 1894–1945: Tsardom and CommunismPeriod study
Topic overviewRussia’s economy and societyNicholas II’s autocracy and the courtThe First World War and the collapse of Tsarist governmentThe Provisional GovernmentThe impact of Lenin's dictatorshipWar Communism, the Kronstadt Rising and the New Economic PolicyStalin the dictatorStalin's modernisation of the USSRImpact of the Second World War
Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972
The Iron Curtain and the evolution of East-West rivalry
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1 section B
Overview
Churchill's iron curtain speech, the satellite states and how communists took power in eastern Europe, containment, the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, Cominform and Comecon, Tito's break with Stalin, and the Berlin Blockade and airlift that led to two German states and NATO.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
By what method did communist governments take power across eastern Europe?
Numbers
Name four countries that had become one-party communist states by 1948.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Who popularised the phrase 'iron curtain', and where did he use it?
Model answer
Churchill, in a speech at Fulton, Missouri in March 1946, describing a dividing line drawn across the continent from the Baltic to the Adriatic.
- 2
What is a satellite state?
Model answer
A country that is independent on paper but whose government takes its orders from a more powerful neighbour, as the eastern European states did from Moscow.
- 3
By what method did communist governments take power across eastern Europe?
Model answer
Communists joined coalition governments under the protection of the Red Army, took the key ministries such as the interior, then rigged elections and removed rivals one slice at a time.
- 4
Name four countries that had become one-party communist states by 1948.
Model answer
Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria, joined by Czechoslovakia after the coup of February 1948.
- 5
What is meant by containment?
Model answer
The American policy of not attacking communism where it already existed but stopping it spreading any further.
- 6
What did Truman promise in his speech of March 1947?
Model answer
That the USA would give money, equipment and advice to any free people resisting an attempted takeover by an armed minority or an outside power.
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