How did most English people make their living in Edward I's reign?

By farming, most of them villagers holding scattered strips in open fields and owing labour on their lord's own land.

What made a town different from a village?

It lived by trade and craft rather than farming, held a market or fair granted by charter, and its burgesses paid rent for their plots instead of working for a lord.

What was the maltolt, and why was it so resented?

The evil toll of 1294, which multiplied the duty on a sack of wool many times over to pay for war; growers and merchants protested until it was abandoned in 1297.

What did the Statute of Merchants of 1285 allow a creditor to do?

Register a debt before a mayor, so that if it went unpaid the debtor's goods could be seized and the debtor himself imprisoned until he settled.

AQA GCSE History 8145

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Medieval England: The Reign of Edward I, 1272–1307

Trade, towns and villages

3 things to know
Paper 2 section B

Overview

Farming and the open fields, the wool trade and the monasteries, what made a town, the wool custom and the maltolt, the Statute of Merchants, the Riccardi, the re-coinage, and the expulsion of the Jews.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Why did Edward re-coin the currency from 1279?

Key term

Which export was England's most valuable, and who produced it?

Key term

What customs duty on wool was granted to the king in 1275?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
How did most English people make their living in Edward I's reign?
Model answer
By farming, most of them villagers holding scattered strips in open fields and owing labour on their lord's own land.
2
Which export was England's most valuable, and who produced it?
Model answer
Raw wool, shipped to the weaving towns of Flanders and to Italy; among the greatest producers were the monasteries, above all the Cistercian houses with their upland flocks.
3
What made a town different from a village?
Model answer
It lived by trade and craft rather than farming, held a market or fair granted by charter, and its burgesses paid rent for their plots instead of working for a lord.
4
What customs duty on wool was granted to the king in 1275?
Model answer
Half a mark — six shillings and eightpence — on every sack exported, a grant that gave the crown a dependable income for the rest of the reign.
5
What was the maltolt, and why was it so resented?
Model answer
The evil toll of 1294, which multiplied the duty on a sack of wool many times over to pay for war; growers and merchants protested until it was abandoned in 1297.
6
What did the Statute of Merchants of 1285 allow a creditor to do?
Model answer
Register a debt before a mayor, so that if it went unpaid the debtor's goods could be seized and the debtor himself imprisoned until he settled.

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America, 1840–1895: Expansion and Consolidation

America, 1920–1973: Opportunity and Inequality

Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972

Conflict and Tension in Asia, 1950–1975

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