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Migration, Empires and the People in Britain, c790 to the Present Day

Expansion in India

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 section A

Overview

The East India Company and its cargoes, Clive at Plassey, why Bengal mattered, Warren Hastings, the sepoys and the rebellion of 1857, crown rule, what British rule built and harmed, and what India gave Britain.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Numbers

What was the East India Company?

Key term

What did the Company ship home from India?

Numbers

Who was Warren Hastings?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What was the East India Company?

    Model answer

    A London trading company chartered in 1600 with a monopoly of English trade with the East, which came to hold forts, territory and private armies in India.

  2. 2

    What did the Company ship home from India?

    Model answer

    Cotton cloth, silk, indigo, saltpetre and spices; its later trade in tea came from China and was paid for increasingly by selling Indian opium there.

  3. 3

    How did Robert Clive win control of Bengal?

    Model answer

    By beating the Nawab of Bengal at Plassey in 1757, a victory owed largely to bribing the Nawab’s commander to stand aside.

  4. 4

    Why did holding Bengal matter so much?

    Model answer

    It was rich and populous, and from 1765 the right to collect its land revenue gave the Company an Indian income that paid for its armies and its trade.

  5. 5

    Who was Warren Hastings?

    Model answer

    The first Governor-General in Bengal, from 1774 to 1785, who reorganised Company rule and was afterwards impeached by Parliament and acquitted.

  6. 6

    Who were the sepoys?

    Model answer

    Indian soldiers recruited, drilled and paid by the Company, who made up the great bulk of its armies.

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