Who formed the Provisional Government in March 1917, and who led it?

Leading members of the Duma, mostly liberals, under Prince Lvov, with Kerensky the only socialist among them; Kerensky took over as leader in July.

What did Order Number 1 do?

It told soldiers to obey the government only where the Petrograd Soviet agreed, so in practice the armed forces took their orders from the Soviet.

Why was the decision to keep fighting the war so damaging?

It kept the casualties, the shortages and the misery that had already destroyed the Tsar, and the collapse of the June offensive turned soldiers and workers against the new government.

How did the ministers handle the land question, and what did peasants do about it?

They insisted that only an elected Constituent Assembly could redistribute the estates, so peasants stopped waiting and seized the land for themselves through the summer.

What did Lenin demand when he returned to Petrograd in April 1917?

No cooperation whatever with the Provisional Government, an immediate peace, and all power to the soviets.

AQA GCSE History 8145

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Russia, 1894–1945: Tsardom and CommunismPeriod study

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Russia, 1894–1945: Tsardom and Communism

The Provisional Government

3 things to know
Paper 1 section A

Overview

Lvov and Kerensky, dual power and Order Number 1, fighting on, the land question, Lenin's April demands, Peace, Bread, Land, the July Days, the Kornilov affair, Bolshevik growth, and the seizure of power in October.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is meant by dual power in 1917?

Key term

Which slogan carried the Bolshevik programme to ordinary Russians?

Key term

What were the July Days, and what did they cost the Bolsheviks?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Who formed the Provisional Government in March 1917, and who led it?
Model answer
Leading members of the Duma, mostly liberals, under Prince Lvov, with Kerensky the only socialist among them; Kerensky took over as leader in July.
2
What is meant by dual power in 1917?
Model answer
The Provisional Government held the offices and the ministries, but the Petrograd Soviet of workers' and soldiers' deputies controlled the railways, the telegraph and the troops.
3
What did Order Number 1 do?
Model answer
It told soldiers to obey the government only where the Petrograd Soviet agreed, so in practice the armed forces took their orders from the Soviet.
4
Why was the decision to keep fighting the war so damaging?
Model answer
It kept the casualties, the shortages and the misery that had already destroyed the Tsar, and the collapse of the June offensive turned soldiers and workers against the new government.
5
How did the ministers handle the land question, and what did peasants do about it?
Model answer
They insisted that only an elected Constituent Assembly could redistribute the estates, so peasants stopped waiting and seized the land for themselves through the summer.
6
What did Lenin demand when he returned to Petrograd in April 1917?
Model answer
No cooperation whatever with the Provisional Government, an immediate peace, and all power to the soviets.

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America, 1840–1895: Expansion and Consolidation

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Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972

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