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Restoration England, 1660–1685

Restoration culture

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 section B

Overview

The reopened theatres, Restoration comedy and the first actresses, Aphra Behn, the legal and social position of women, the coffee houses, the Royal Society with Boyle and Hooke, Samuel Pepys's diary and naval work, and Christopher Wren's churches and St Paul's Cathedral.

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Key term

What was new about the theatre after 1660, in its plays, playwrights and performers?

Key term

What was Restoration comedy like?

Key term

Name three playwrights of the period and a play by one of them.

Questions from this subtopic

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  1. 1

    What happened to the theatres in 1660?

    Model answer

    They reopened after eighteen years of Puritan closure, and Charles II licensed just two companies, under Thomas Killigrew and William Davenant.

  2. 2

    What was Restoration comedy like?

    Model answer

    Witty, bawdy comedy of manners built on seduction, disguise and deception, mocking marriage, jealous husbands and country simplicity.

  3. 3

    Name three playwrights of the period and a play by one of them.

    Model answer

    William Wycherley, who wrote The Country Wife, along with George Etherege and Aphra Behn.

  4. 4

    How did the new playhouses differ from the theatres of a century before?

    Model answer

    They were roofed and lit by candles, with a proscenium arch and painted scenery that could be slid in and out between scenes.

  5. 5

    What was new about the performers after 1660?

    Model answer

    Women acted on the public stage for the first time, taking the female parts that boys had always played before.

  6. 6

    Why is Aphra Behn important?

    Model answer

    She was the first Englishwoman to earn her living by writing, with successful plays such as The Rover.

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