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Conflict and Tension in Asia, 1950–1975

US involvement in Vietnam under Eisenhower and Kennedy

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1 section B

Overview

The Domino Theory, Eisenhower's money, weapons and advisers, how Kennedy widened the commitment while refusing combat troops, the Strategic Hamlets programme and why it failed, Ap Bac, and the deaths of November 1963.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Which president set out the domino theory publicly in 1954?

Key term

What help did Eisenhower give the South Vietnamese government?

Key term

What was a military adviser supposed to do?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What did the Domino Theory claim would happen if one country in Asia turned communist?

    Model answer

    Its neighbours would topple one after another like a row of falling dominoes, so the line had to be held in Vietnam.

  2. 2

    Which president set that idea out publicly in 1954?

    Model answer

    Eisenhower, explaining why Americans should care about the fighting in Indochina.

  3. 3

    What help did Eisenhower give the South Vietnamese government?

    Model answer

    Money, weapons and several hundred military advisers, having already paid much of the cost of the French war.

  4. 4

    What was a military adviser supposed to do?

    Model answer

    Train and equip South Vietnamese soldiers rather than fight, though advisers often went into combat zones alongside them.

  5. 5

    How did Kennedy change American involvement?

    Model answer

    He raised the number of advisers to more than 16,000 by 1963 and supplied helicopters, aircraft and armoured vehicles.

  6. 6

    What did Kennedy refuse to do about the fighting?

    Model answer

    Commit large numbers of American combat troops, insisting the South Vietnamese had to win their own war.

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