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Conflict and Tension: The Inter-War Years, 1918–1939

Diplomacy outside the League

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1 section B

Overview

The Locarno treaties of 1925 and the frontiers Germany did and did not accept, the Locarno honeymoon and Germany's entry to the League, the Kellogg-Briand Pact and its fatal weakness, and why agreements made outside the League undermined its authority.

What you need to know

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Key term

What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 promise, after whom was it named, and how many states signed it?

Numbers

What were the Locarno treaties, and when were they agreed?

Key term

Which three foreign ministers were most closely associated with the Locarno agreements?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What were the Locarno treaties, and when were they agreed?

    Model answer

    A set of agreements of 1925 in which Germany, France and Belgium accepted their existing frontiers, with Britain and Italy standing as guarantors.

  2. 2

    Which three foreign ministers were most closely associated with the Locarno agreements?

    Model answer

    Gustav Stresemann of Germany, Aristide Briand of France and Austen Chamberlain of Britain.

  3. 3

    Which frontier did Germany freely accept in 1925?

    Model answer

    Its western border with France and Belgium, including the promise to keep the Rhineland free of troops.

  4. 4

    Which frontiers did Germany refuse to guarantee, and why did that matter?

    Model answer

    Those with Poland and Czechoslovakia in the east, leaving open the possibility that it would one day try to change them.

  5. 5

    What did Germany gain from Locarno?

    Model answer

    Treatment as an equal rather than a beaten enemy, which led to it joining the League in 1926 with a permanent seat on the Council.

  6. 6

    What was meant by the 'Locarno honeymoon'?

    Model answer

    The mood of optimism in the later 1920s when it seemed the old enemies had genuinely been reconciled and another war had become unthinkable.

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