Key term
OCR A-Level Physical Education H555
Skeletal and Muscular Systems
The Cardiovascular System
The Respiratory System
Energy for Exercise
Environmental Effects on Body Systems
Diet, Nutrition and Ergogenic Aids
Aerobic Training
Strength and Flexibility Training
Periodisation of Training
Training and Lifestyle Diseases
Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation
Biomechanical Principles and Levers
Linear and Angular Motion
Fluid Mechanics and Projectile Motion
Skill Classification, Practice and Transfer
Theories and Stages of Learning
Guidance and Feedback
Memory Models
Personality and Attitudes
Motivation and Arousal
Anxiety
Aggression
Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics
Goal Setting
Attribution
Confidence and Self-Efficacy
Leadership
Stress Management
Sport in Pre-Industrial and Industrial Britain
Sport in the 20th and 21st Centuries
The Olympic Games and Global Sporting Events
Drugs in Sport
Violence and Gambling in Sport
Commercialisation and the Media
Routes to Sporting Excellence
Biomechanical Principles and Levers
Newton's laws and force calculations
- 3 things to know
- Component 01
Overview
Newton's first, second and third laws with a penalty kick, a hockey strike, a sprint start and a swimmer, inertia, F = ma, weight, momentum and worked calculations for a sprinter, a rugby player and a cyclist.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
State Newton's first law of motion.
Key term
How does Newton's first law apply to a penalty kick in football?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
State Newton's first law of motion.
Model answer
A body stays at rest or keeps moving at constant velocity unless an external unbalanced force acts on it. Newton's first law is the law of inertia.
- 2
How does Newton's first law apply to a penalty kick in football?
Model answer
The ball stays at rest on the spot until the kicker's foot applies a force. The ball then keeps moving until another force, such as the goalkeeper's hands, changes its velocity.
- 3
What is inertia?
Model answer
Inertia is the resistance of a body to a change in its state of motion. A body with a greater mass has greater inertia.
- 4
Why does a 120 kg prop need a larger force to get moving than a 75 kg scrum-half?
Model answer
The prop has a greater mass and so a greater inertia. A larger force is needed to overcome that inertia and accelerate the prop.
- 5
State Newton's second law of motion.
Model answer
The rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the force applied. The change takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
- 6
Give the equation that links force, mass and acceleration, with units.
Model answer
Force equals mass multiplied by acceleration, F = ma. Force is in newtons (N), mass in kilograms (kg) and acceleration in m s⁻².
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