Outcome, performance and process goals

Overview

Outcome, performance and process goals, anxiety from outcome goals, a 1500 m runner and a novice gymnast, short-term and long-term goals, agreeing goals with the performer, and outcome goals for an elite sprinter.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What is goal setting in sport?

   Model answer

   Goal setting is agreeing a target for a performer to reach within a set time. A clear target gives training a direction and a purpose.

2. 2

   What is an outcome goal?

   Model answer

   An outcome goal is based on the result of a competition, such as winning or finishing in the top three. The result depends partly on the opposition.

3. 3

   What is a performance goal?

   Model answer

   A performance goal judges the performer against their own earlier standard. A swimmer aiming to beat her personal best has a performance goal.

4. 4

   What is a process goal?

   Model answer

   A process goal targets the technique needed to perform well. A tennis player might aim to toss the ball higher on the serve.

5. 5

   Why can relying only on outcome goals raise anxiety?

   Model answer

   A win depends partly on opponents and luck, which the performer cannot control. A performer who plays well but loses may still feel a failure.

6. 6

   Explain why performance and process goals are usually more effective than outcome goals.

   Model answer

   Performance and process goals are within the performer's own control. Progress can be achieved even in defeat, which protects confidence.

Other ways to work this

The same content, four other ways.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.