Flexibility is the range of movement possible at a joint. Flexibility depends on the joint and the tissues surrounding it.

What is static passive flexibility?

Static passive flexibility is the range reached and held with an external force. The force may come from a partner, gravity or equipment.

What is dynamic flexibility?

Dynamic flexibility is the range of movement achieved at speed during a movement. Dynamic flexibility reflects how little the joint resists movement.

Why does a hurdler need dynamic flexibility?

The lead leg must swing through a wide range at speed without slowing the hurdler. Poor dynamic flexibility would force a higher, slower clearance.

How does the type of joint affect flexibility?

A ball and socket joint, such as the shoulder, allows a wide range in many directions. A hinge joint, such as the elbow, allows movement in only one plane.

OCR A-Level Physical Education H555

Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Topic overview Shoulder, elbow and wrist joints and muscles Hip, knee and ankle joints and muscles Planes of movement, muscle roles and contractions Analysing movement in sporting actions Motor units and muscle fibre types

The Cardiovascular System

Topic overview Heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output at rest The cardiac cycle and conduction system Cardiac responses to exercise and recovery The vascular shunt mechanism Venous return and heart rate regulation

The Respiratory System

Topic overview Breathing frequency, tidal volume and minute ventilation Mechanics of breathing at rest and in exercise Regulation of breathing Gas exchange at the alveoli and the muscles

Energy for Exercise

Topic overview ATP and coupled reactions The ATP-PC system The glycolytic system The aerobic system The energy continuum and intermittent exercise EPOC and the recovery process

Environmental Effects on Body Systems

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Diet, Nutrition and Ergogenic Aids

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Aerobic Training

Topic overview VO₂max and the factors that affect it Testing aerobic capacity Continuous training, HIIT and target heart rates Adaptations to aerobic training

Strength and Flexibility Training

Topic overview Types of strength and strength testing Strength training methods Adaptations to strength training Types of flexibility and flexibility testing Flexibility training methods and adaptations

Periodisation of Training

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Training and Lifestyle Diseases

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Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation

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Biomechanical Principles and Levers

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Guidance and Feedback

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Personality and Attitudes

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Motivation and Arousal

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Anxiety

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Aggression

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Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics

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Goal Setting

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Attribution

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Confidence and Self-Efficacy

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Leadership

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Stress Management

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Sport in Pre-Industrial and Industrial Britain

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Sport in the 20th and 21st Centuries

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The Olympic Games and Global Sporting Events

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Drugs in Sport

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Violence and Gambling in Sport

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Commercialisation and the Media

Topic overview What drives the commercialisation of sport Impacts of commercialisation Television, radio, press and internet coverage Positive and negative effects of the media Sport as a commodity and the golden triangle

Routes to Sporting Excellence

Topic overview From talent identification to elite performance Schools, clubs and universities in elite success UK Sport and the national institutes Drop-out from elite programmes

Modern Technology in Sport

Topic overview Technology and elite performance Technology and general participation Technology and fair outcomes Technology and entertainment

Strength and Flexibility Training

Types of flexibility and flexibility testing

3 things to know
Component 01

Overview

Static active, static passive and dynamic flexibility, the hurdler, joint type, connective tissue, age and gender, the sit and reach test and its limitation, and the goniometer.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is flexibility, and what is static active flexibility?

Key term

Define flexibility.

Key term

What is static active flexibility?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Define flexibility.
Model answer
Flexibility is the range of movement possible at a joint. Flexibility depends on the joint and the tissues surrounding it.
2
What is static active flexibility?
Model answer
Static active flexibility is the range a performer can hold using only their own muscle contraction. A dancer holding a leg high without support shows static active flexibility.
3
What is static passive flexibility?
Model answer
Static passive flexibility is the range reached and held with an external force. The force may come from a partner, gravity or equipment.
4
What is dynamic flexibility?
Model answer
Dynamic flexibility is the range of movement achieved at speed during a movement. Dynamic flexibility reflects how little the joint resists movement.
5
Why does a hurdler need dynamic flexibility?
Model answer
The lead leg must swing through a wide range at speed without slowing the hurdler. Poor dynamic flexibility would force a higher, slower clearance.
6
How does the type of joint affect flexibility?
Model answer
A ball and socket joint, such as the shoulder, allows a wide range in many directions. A hinge joint, such as the elbow, allows movement in only one plane.

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Energy for Exercise

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