Key term
Eduqas A-Level Religious Studies A120QS
Christianity: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsChristianity
Christianity: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeChristianity
Christianity: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtChristianity
Christianity: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityChristianity
Islam: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsIslam
Islam: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeIslam
Islam: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtIslam
Islam: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityIslam
Judaism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsJudaism
Judaism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeJudaism
Judaism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtJudaism
Judaism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityJudaism
Buddhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsBuddhism
Buddhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeBuddhism
Buddhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtBuddhism
Buddhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityBuddhism
Hinduism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsHinduism
Hinduism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeHinduism
Topic overviewBrahman and atman: monism, dualism and the Vedanta schoolsThe Trimurti, cyclical time, Vaishnavism and ShaivismKarma, samsara and the goal of mokshaVarnashramadharma: the four varnas and four ashramasThe status of the Dalits: Gandhi, Ambedkar and afterAhimsa from Jain roots to Gandhi's satyagraha
Hinduism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtHinduism
Hinduism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityHinduism
Sikhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsSikhism
Topic overviewGuru Nanak's background and the influences on his teachingGuru Nanak's revelation, teachings and the community at KartarpurGuru Gobind Singh and the founding of the KhalsaThe Guru Granth Sahib as living GuruThe Mul Mantar and the Japji SahibGuru Arjan and the empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Sikhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeSikhism
Sikhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtSikhism
Topic overviewKhalistan, persecution and the politics of the PunjabEquality of men and women in SikhismSikh attitudes to other faiths and interfaith dialogueSikhism, science and secularisationOrigins and development of the Sikh community in BritainMiri and piri, the kirpan and defending the oppressed
Sikhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentitySikhism
Arguments for the Existence of God: Inductive
Arguments for the Existence of God: Deductive
The Problem of Evil and Suffering
Religious Belief as a Product of the Human Mind
Religious Experience
Topic overviewVisions and religious conversionMysticism, Teresa of Avila and the stages of prayerWilliam James's four marks and Otto's numinousChallenges to the authenticity of religious experienceThe value of religious experience for the individual and the communityDefining miracles and the Hume–Swinburne debate
Religious Language
Ethical Thought
Deontological Ethics
Topic overviewAquinas's four levels of law and the primary preceptsVirtues, goods and the moral act in AquinasNatural law applied: abortion and voluntary euthanasiaFinnis, the basic goods and practical reasonablenessHoose and the proportionalist debateFinnis and proportionalism applied: immigration and capital punishment
Teleological Ethics
Topic overviewFletcher's rejection of legalism and antinomianismThe working principles and the six propositionsSituation ethics applied: homosexual and polyamorous relationshipsBentham, utility and the hedonic calculusMill: higher pleasures, the harm principle and rulesUtilitarianism applied: animal experimentation and nuclear deterrence
Determinism
Hinduism: Religious Concepts and Religious Life
Varnashramadharma: the four varnas and four ashramas
- 3 things to know
- Component 1
Overview
Compound varṇāśramadharma, duty of the brāhmaṇa varṇa and duty of the kṣatriya varṇa.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What does the compound varṇāśramadharma mean?
Key term
What does the Puruṣa Sūkta describe?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does the compound varṇāśramadharma mean?
Model answer
Varṇāśramadharma is the duty attaching to a person's varṇa and stage of life together. Caturvarṇāśramadharma names the same system, catur meaning four.
- 2
What does the Puruṣa Sūkta describe?
Model answer
The Puruṣa Sūkta at Ṛg Veda 10:90 describes the sacrifice of a cosmic man. The world and human society are formed from his dismembered body.
- 3
What do Ṛg Veda 10:90:11-12 say about the four varṇas?
Model answer
The hymn asks into how many parts the Puruṣa was divided. Brāhmaṇa came from the mouth and rājanya from the arms. Vaiśya came from the thighs and śūdra from the feet.
- 4
State the duty of the brāhmaṇa varṇa.
Model answer
Brāhmaṇas study and teach the Veda and perform sacrifice on behalf of others. Ritual purity and learning are the defining obligations of the class.
- 5
State the duty of the kṣatriya varṇa.
Model answer
Kṣatriyas rule, administer justice and protect the people by force of arms. Courage and generosity are the virtues expected of them.
- 6
State the duty of the vaiśya varṇa.
Model answer
Vaiśyas farm, keep cattle, trade and lend money. Productive wealth for the community is the vaiśya contribution.
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