Key term
Eduqas A-Level Religious Studies A120QS
Christianity: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsChristianity
Christianity: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeChristianity
Christianity: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtChristianity
Christianity: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityChristianity
Islam: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsIslam
Islam: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeIslam
Islam: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtIslam
Islam: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityIslam
Judaism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsJudaism
Judaism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeJudaism
Judaism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtJudaism
Judaism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityJudaism
Buddhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsBuddhism
Buddhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeBuddhism
Buddhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtBuddhism
Buddhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityBuddhism
Hinduism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsHinduism
Hinduism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeHinduism
Topic overviewBrahman and atman: monism, dualism and the Vedanta schoolsThe Trimurti, cyclical time, Vaishnavism and ShaivismKarma, samsara and the goal of mokshaVarnashramadharma: the four varnas and four ashramasThe status of the Dalits: Gandhi, Ambedkar and afterAhimsa from Jain roots to Gandhi's satyagraha
Hinduism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtHinduism
Hinduism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityHinduism
Sikhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsSikhism
Topic overviewGuru Nanak's background and the influences on his teachingGuru Nanak's revelation, teachings and the community at KartarpurGuru Gobind Singh and the founding of the KhalsaThe Guru Granth Sahib as living GuruThe Mul Mantar and the Japji SahibGuru Arjan and the empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Sikhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeSikhism
Sikhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtSikhism
Topic overviewKhalistan, persecution and the politics of the PunjabEquality of men and women in SikhismSikh attitudes to other faiths and interfaith dialogueSikhism, science and secularisationOrigins and development of the Sikh community in BritainMiri and piri, the kirpan and defending the oppressed
Sikhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentitySikhism
Arguments for the Existence of God: Inductive
Arguments for the Existence of God: Deductive
The Problem of Evil and Suffering
Religious Belief as a Product of the Human Mind
Religious Experience
Topic overviewVisions and religious conversionMysticism, Teresa of Avila and the stages of prayerWilliam James's four marks and Otto's numinousChallenges to the authenticity of religious experienceThe value of religious experience for the individual and the communityDefining miracles and the Hume–Swinburne debate
Religious Language
Ethical Thought
Deontological Ethics
Topic overviewAquinas's four levels of law and the primary preceptsVirtues, goods and the moral act in AquinasNatural law applied: abortion and voluntary euthanasiaFinnis, the basic goods and practical reasonablenessHoose and the proportionalist debateFinnis and proportionalism applied: immigration and capital punishment
Teleological Ethics
Topic overviewFletcher's rejection of legalism and antinomianismThe working principles and the six propositionsSituation ethics applied: homosexual and polyamorous relationshipsBentham, utility and the hedonic calculusMill: higher pleasures, the harm principle and rulesUtilitarianism applied: animal experimentation and nuclear deterrence
Determinism
Hinduism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious Thought
Hinduism, science and the challenge of secularisation
- 3 things to know
- Component 1
Overview
A school that classifies reality without appeal to revelation, the qualities and categories it names, and Hindu responses to a secular age.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Numbers
What is Hindutva?
Key term
How does Sāṃkhya classify matter?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
How does Sāṃkhya classify matter?
Model answer
Sāṃkhya analyses reality into twenty-five tattvas or principles. Prakṛti, unconscious matter, evolves into intellect, ego, mind, the senses and the elements.
- 2
What are the three guṇas in Sāṃkhya?
Model answer
The three guṇas are sattva, rajas and tamas. Every material thing is a mixture of these strands of purity, energy and inertia.
- 3
Why is Sāṃkhya sometimes described as an early scientific analysis?
Model answer
Sāṃkhya proceeds by classification and causal explanation rather than by appeal to revelation. Supporters therefore treat it as an ancient attempt at systematic natural philosophy.
- 4
Who was Caraka?
Model answer
Caraka is the name attached to the Caraka Saṃhitā, a foundational treatise of Āyurveda. Diagnosis, diet, the three doṣas and the ethics of a physician are set out in it.
- 5
Who was Āryabhaṭa, and what did he achieve?
Model answer
Āryabhaṭa completed the Āryabhaṭīya in 499 CE at the age of twenty-three. Sine tables, an accurate value for π and the rotation of the earth all appear in that work.
- 6
Why is it inaccurate to describe Caraka and Āryabhaṭa as ṛṣis?
Model answer
A ṛṣi is a seer of vedic revelation, and neither man is remembered in that role. Caraka was a physician and Āryabhaṭa a mathematician and astronomer.
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