Key term
Eduqas A-Level Religious Studies A120QS
Christianity: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsChristianity
Christianity: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeChristianity
Christianity: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtChristianity
Christianity: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityChristianity
Islam: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsIslam
Islam: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeIslam
Islam: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtIslam
Islam: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityIslam
Judaism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsJudaism
Judaism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeJudaism
Judaism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtJudaism
Judaism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityJudaism
Buddhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsBuddhism
Buddhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeBuddhism
Buddhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtBuddhism
Buddhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityBuddhism
Hinduism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsHinduism
Hinduism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeHinduism
Topic overviewBrahman and atman: monism, dualism and the Vedanta schoolsThe Trimurti, cyclical time, Vaishnavism and ShaivismKarma, samsara and the goal of mokshaVarnashramadharma: the four varnas and four ashramasThe status of the Dalits: Gandhi, Ambedkar and afterAhimsa from Jain roots to Gandhi's satyagraha
Hinduism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtHinduism
Hinduism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentityHinduism
Sikhism: Religious Figures and Sacred TextsSikhism
Topic overviewGuru Nanak's background and the influences on his teachingGuru Nanak's revelation, teachings and the community at KartarpurGuru Gobind Singh and the founding of the KhalsaThe Guru Granth Sahib as living GuruThe Mul Mantar and the Japji SahibGuru Arjan and the empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Sikhism: Religious Concepts and Religious LifeSikhism
Sikhism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious ThoughtSikhism
Topic overviewKhalistan, persecution and the politics of the PunjabEquality of men and women in SikhismSikh attitudes to other faiths and interfaith dialogueSikhism, science and secularisationOrigins and development of the Sikh community in BritainMiri and piri, the kirpan and defending the oppressed
Sikhism: Practices That Shape Religious IdentitySikhism
Arguments for the Existence of God: Inductive
Arguments for the Existence of God: Deductive
The Problem of Evil and Suffering
Religious Belief as a Product of the Human Mind
Religious Experience
Topic overviewVisions and religious conversionMysticism, Teresa of Avila and the stages of prayerWilliam James's four marks and Otto's numinousChallenges to the authenticity of religious experienceThe value of religious experience for the individual and the communityDefining miracles and the Hume–Swinburne debate
Religious Language
Ethical Thought
Deontological Ethics
Topic overviewAquinas's four levels of law and the primary preceptsVirtues, goods and the moral act in AquinasNatural law applied: abortion and voluntary euthanasiaFinnis, the basic goods and practical reasonablenessHoose and the proportionalist debateFinnis and proportionalism applied: immigration and capital punishment
Teleological Ethics
Topic overviewFletcher's rejection of legalism and antinomianismThe working principles and the six propositionsSituation ethics applied: homosexual and polyamorous relationshipsBentham, utility and the hedonic calculusMill: higher pleasures, the harm principle and rulesUtilitarianism applied: animal experimentation and nuclear deterrence
Determinism
Hinduism: Social and Historical Developments in Religious Thought
Diversity, pluralism and Hindu attitudes to other faiths
- 3 things to know
- Component 1
Overview
Diversity within Hinduism itself, one Hindu movement founded on the equal validity of religions and hindu exclusivism in practice.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Give two examples of diversity within Hinduism itself.
Key term
What is an iṣṭadevatā?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Distinguish diversity from pluralism.
Model answer
Diversity is the plain fact that different religions and worldviews exist. Pluralism is the judgement that such variety is legitimate and even valuable.
- 2
Give two examples of diversity within Hinduism itself.
Model answer
Vaiṣṇavas, Śaivas and Śāktas each treat a different deity as supreme. Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita and Dvaita disagree about the relation of God and soul.
- 3
What is an iṣṭadevatā?
Model answer
An iṣṭadevatā is the chosen deity on whom a Hindu focuses personal devotion. The choice does not deny the reality of any other form of God.
- 4
How does the iṣṭadevatā idea support pluralism?
Model answer
Worship under one name is not held to exclude worship under another name. Different deities are treated as forms of a single divine reality.
- 5
Which Ṛg Veda principle do Hindus cite in support of pluralism?
Model answer
The Ṛg Veda says that truth is one, though the wise call it by many names. Hindu pluralists treat that verse as the tradition's charter.
- 6
What is exclusivism?
Model answer
Exclusivism is the claim that salvation is found only within one's own tradition. Other religions are then judged mistaken rather than partial.
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