Scientific Methodology, Evidence and Evaluation: Analysing and Conflicting Data

Overview

Recall questions on Analysing, Interpreting Data for Correlation, Causation, and Evaluating Methodology, Evidence and Conflicting Data.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What is the hazard when using concentrated hydrogen peroxide, and how is it controlled?

   Model answer

   It is corrosive and can damage the eyes and skin, so eye protection and gloves are worn and spillages are diluted and wiped up immediately.

2. 2

   What two control measures are required when working with bacterial cultures?

   Model answer

   Aseptic technique is used throughout and plates are taped and incubated at 25 °C, and all cultures are autoclaved before disposal.

3. 3

   What two hazards does fieldwork present, and what precautions are taken?

   Model answer

   Uneven ground and open water present a risk of injury or drowning, so suitable footwear is worn and work is done in pairs, and hands are washed before eating because of the risk of infection from soil or water.

4. 4

   Why might a data logger give more valid data than a student with a stopwatch and thermometer?

   Model answer

   It records at exact regular intervals without reaction time or reading error and can run continuously, so the data more truly reflect what happened.

5. 5

   What is the purpose of a pilot study?

   Model answer

   It checks that the method works and that the chosen range of the independent variable gives measurable results, so the main investigation can be refined before it is run.

6. 6

   Why is the sample size increased in an investigation?

   Model answer

   A larger sample is more representative and reduces the effect of chance variation, making any difference detected more likely to be real.

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