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An Introduction to Islam

Arabia before Islam and the early life of Muhammad

  • 3 things to know
  • AS

Overview

What Muslims mean by the Jahiliyyah, religious situation in Mecca before Islam and three deities worshipped in Mecca before Islam.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How was Arabian society organised in the sixth century?

Key term

Describe the religious situation in Mecca before Islam.

Key term

Name three deities worshipped in Mecca before Islam.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Explain what Muslims mean by the Jahiliyyah.

    Model answer

    Jahiliyyah means the age of ignorance, the period in Arabia before the revelation of the Qur'an, when tribal custom and the worship of many gods governed life.

  2. 2

    How was Arabian society organised in the sixth century?

    Model answer

    Arabian society was organised by kinship rather than by any state, so a person's security, legal standing and protection came from clan and tribe, and a killing was answered by the blood feud.

  3. 3

    Describe the religious situation in Mecca before Islam.

    Model answer

    Mecca was a pilgrimage centre whose Ka'bah housed the idols of many tribes, so the Quraysh drew both prestige and income from the pilgrim trade; the city also stood on the caravan route between Yemen and Syria and sent out a winter and a summer caravan each year, while Jewish and Christian communities lived elsewhere in Arabia and a few Arabs known as hanifs worshipped one God alone.

  4. 4

    Name three deities worshipped in Mecca before Islam.

    Model answer

    Hubal, al-Lat and al-Uzza were among the deities worshipped in Mecca before Islam.

  5. 5

    Who were the hanifs?

    Model answer

    The hanifs were Arabs who rejected idol worship and sought the pure monotheism of Ibrahim without joining either Judaism or Christianity, and Zayd ibn Amr is one of those remembered by name.

  6. 6

    What does the Qur'an say about the treatment of infant girls in that society?

    Model answer

    Surah 81 pictures the buried infant girl being asked at the judgement for what sin she was killed, a rebuke to the practice of female infanticide.

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