Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885

What Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 covers

Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 is examined in Unit 3, the breadth study — one of ten options, of which a student takes one. It covers the unreformed parliamentary system, early reform, the Younger Pitt and the French Revolution, the London Corresponding Society and Pitt's repression, industrialisation, rural change and the Luddites, popular protest and repression 1815 to 1822, the Reform Bill crisis 1830 to 1832, the terms and impact of the 1832 Reform Act, the Merthyr rising of 1831, Swing, rural protest and the Rebecca riots, the aims and leaders of Chartism, Chartist action, Newport and the failure of the movement, trade unionism from Robert Owen to the new model unions, public order, radical revival and the Second Reform Act and parliamentary reform 1872 to 1885 and change across the period.

The 14 subtopics

Each one has its own page.

• The unreformed parliamentary systemTwo kinds of constituency in the unreformed system, rotten borough and pocket borough.Open →
• Early reform, the Younger Pitt and the French RevolutionYorkshire Association, economical reform and burke's argument against reform.Open →
• The London Corresponding Society and Pitt's repressionSociety's aims and society of the Friends of the People.Open →
• Industrialisation, rural change and the LudditesMain features of the new industrial towns and speenhamland system.Open →
• Popular protest and repression 1815 to 1822Pentrich rising, six Acts and cato Street Conspiracy.Open →
• The Reform Bill crisis 1830 to 1832Birmingham Political Union, days of May and go for Gold campaign.Open →
• The terms and impact of the 1832 Reform ActNew borough franchise, new county franchise and chandos clause.Open →
• The Merthyr rising of 1831Immediate economic cause of the rising, court of Requests and consequences of the rising for the workers of Merthyr.Open →
• Swing, rural protest and the Rebecca riotsSwing riots, turnpike trust and how a Rebecca attack was carried out.Open →
• The aims and leaders of ChartismPeople's Charter, six points of the Charter and london Working Men's Association.Open →
• Chartist action, Newport and the failure of the movementSacred month, newport rising and marchers trying to achieve at Newport.Open →
• Trade unionism from Robert Owen to the new model unionsGrand National Consolidated Trades Union, new model unionism and union usually taken as the first new model union.Open →
• Public order, radical revival and the Second Reform ActGreat Exhibition, reform League and reform Union.Open →
• Parliamentary reform 1872 to 1885 and change across the periodDisestablishment campaign and welsh Sunday Closing Act.Open →

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Take Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 further

The same content, four other ways.

Commonly confused

Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.

• The 1832 Act's borough franchise vs The 1832 Act's county franchise

  The 1832 Act's borough franchise: occupation of a house worth at least ten pounds a year in rent, one uniform qualification replacing the old variety of local customs in the towns. The 1832 Act's county franchise: The forty-shilling freehold kept in place, with copyholders, long leaseholders and, by the Chandos clause, tenants at will paying fifty pounds a year added to it.

• William Lovett vs Feargus O'Connor

  William Lovett: the London cabinetmaker who drafted the Charter and led its moral force wing, believing that education and respectability were the route to the vote. Feargus O'Connor: The Irish barrister and orator who became the movement's dominant national leader, editor of the Northern Star and the voice of its northern industrial support.

• Reform League vs Reform Union

  Reform League: the working-class organisation founded in 1865 which campaigned for manhood suffrage and the secret vote and organised the great demonstrations. Reform Union: The middle-class body founded in 1864 at Manchester which pressed for household suffrage, the secret vote and redistribution.

Questions from this topic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What were the two kinds of constituency in the unreformed system?

   Model answer

   County constituencies, returning knights of the shire, and borough constituencies, returning burgesses.

2. 2

   Who could vote in a county before 1832?

   Model answer

   Men owning freehold land worth at least forty shillings a year.

3. 3

   Why was the borough franchise so inconsistent?

   Model answer

   Each borough voted on its own ancient custom, so the qualification might be paying local rates, owning a particular property, membership of the corporation or the freedom of the town.

4. 4

   What was a rotten borough?

   Model answer

   A borough whose population had shrunk to almost nothing but which still returned members to Parliament.

5. 5

   Give an example of a rotten borough and say what made it notorious.

   Model answer

   Old Sarum in Wiltshire, an uninhabited hillside with a handful of voters, still returned two members.

6. 6

   What was a pocket borough?

   Model answer

   A borough whose seats were controlled by a single patron, usually a great landowner, who could nominate the members.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 revision questions

What does Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 cover in WJEC A-Level History?

14 subtopics: the unreformed parliamentary system, early reform, the younger pitt and the french revolution, the london corresponding society and pitt's repression, industrialisation, rural change and the luddites, popular protest and repression 1815 to 1822, the reform bill crisis 1830 to 1832, the terms and impact of the 1832 reform act, the merthyr rising of 1831, swing, rural protest and the rebecca riots, the aims and leaders of chartism, chartist action, newport and the failure of the movement, trade unionism from robert owen to the new model unions, public order, radical revival and the second reform act and parliamentary reform 1872 to 1885 and change across the period. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.

How is Parliamentary Reform and Protest in Wales and England c.1780-1885 organised?

By the WJEC 601-5817-7 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.