Key term
AQA A-Level Physical Education 7582
The Cardiovascular System
The Respiratory System
The Neuromuscular System
The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis
Energy Systems
Skill, Transfer and Practice
Theories of Learning
Guidance and Feedback
Information Processing and Memory
The Emergence and Globalisation of Sport
Topic overviewPre-industrial society, mob football and real tennisIndustrialisation, urbanisation and rational recreationAssociation football, lawn tennis and Victorian athleticsAmateurs, professionals and women in Victorian sportThe Golden Triangle of sport, media and sponsorshipProfessionalism and elite women's sport since 1950
Equal Opportunities in Sport
Diet and Nutrition
Preparation and Training Methods
Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation
Biomechanical Principles and Levers
Linear and Angular Motion
Projectile Motion and Fluid Mechanics
Personality and Attitudes
Arousal and Anxiety
Aggression
Motivation and Achievement Motivation
Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics
Goal Setting
Attribution Theory
Self-Efficacy and Confidence
Leadership
Stress Management
Concepts of Physical Activity and Sport
Development of Elite Performers
Ethics and Violence in Sport
Drugs in Sport
Sport, the Law and Commercialisation
Information Processing and Memory
- 6 subtopics
- 18 things to know
- Paper 1
What Information Processing and Memory covers
Information Processing and Memory is examined in Paper 1, Factors affecting participation in physical activity and sport. It covers input, receptors and the DCR process, memory and the working memory model, Whiting's information processing model, reaction time, response time and Hick's law, the psychological refractory period and anticipation and Schmidt's schema theory.
Where it is assessed
Paper 1
Factors affecting participation in physical activity and sport, 2 hours and 35% of the A-level.
Check the AQA specification ↗The 6 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Input, receptors and the DCR processThe input stage, senses and receptors, proprioception and kinaesthesis, balance, perception and the detection, comparison and recognition process, and selective attention.Open →
- Memory and the working memory modelShort-term and long-term memory, the working memory model with its central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad and episodic buffer, chunking and chaining.Open →
- Whiting's information processing modelThe information processing model, the environment and display, sensory organs, perceptual, translatory and effector mechanisms, output and feedback data, applied to a goalkeeper and a rugby player.Open →
- Reaction time, response time and Hick's lawReaction, movement and response time with worked examples, simple and choice reaction time, Hick's law and its graph, and the factors affecting response time.Open →
- The psychological refractory period and anticipationThe single channel hypothesis, the psychological refractory period and dummies, temporal and spatial anticipation, false starts, and ways to improve response time.Open →
- Schmidt's schema theorySchemas, the recall and recognition schemas, initial conditions, response specifications, sensory consequences and response outcomes, variable practice, feedback and transfer.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Apply Whiting's model to a rugby player deciding whether to pass or run.
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Apply the four parts of schema theory to a netball shot.
Process
What happens at the input stage of information processing?
Key term
What role does memory play in decision making?
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Define reaction time.
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What is the single channel hypothesis?
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Which senses does a performer use to gather information?
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Describe the capacity and duration of short-term memory.
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Define movement time.
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Why is the single channel likened to a bottleneck?
Key term
What is a schema?
Process
What is the role of receptors in information processing?
Key term
Describe the capacity and duration of long-term memory.
Process
What is information processing?
Key term
Define response time.
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Define the psychological refractory period.
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Why did Schmidt propose schema theory?
Take Information Processing and Memory further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Reaction time vs Movement time
Reaction time: the interval from stimulus onset to the start of a response. Movement time: the interval from starting an action to completing it.
Simple reaction time vs Choice reaction time
Simple reaction time: the delay before responding to one stimulus with one possible action. Choice reaction time: the delay before responding when several stimuli each need a different action.
Temporal anticipation vs Spatial anticipation
Temporal anticipation: predicting when an event will happen. Spatial anticipation: predicting where or what an event will be.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What happens at the input stage of information processing?
Model answer
The performer picks up information from the environment through the senses. The relevant cues are then selected and interpreted.
- 2
Which senses does a performer use to gather information?
Model answer
A performer uses vision, hearing, touch, balance and kinaesthesis. Touch, balance and kinaesthesis together make up proprioception.
- 3
What is the role of receptors in information processing?
Model answer
Receptors are sensory nerve endings that detect stimuli and send the information to the brain. Exteroceptors, such as the eyes and ears, detect information from outside the body.
- 4
What is proprioception?
Model answer
Proprioception is the sense of the body's position and movement. The sense is built from touch, balance and kinaesthesis.
- 5
Define kinaesthesis.
Model answer
Kinaesthesis is awareness of the position and movement of body parts. Receptors in the muscles, tendons and joints supply the information.
- 6
Why is balance important to a gymnast on the beam, and where is it detected?
Model answer
Balance keeps the gymnast's centre of mass stable over the narrow beam. The vestibular apparatus in the inner ear detects changes in balance.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Information Processing and Memory revision questions
- What does Information Processing and Memory cover in AQA A-Level Physical Education?
- 6 subtopics: input, receptors and the dcr process, memory and the working memory model, whiting's information processing model, reaction time, response time and hick's law, the psychological refractory period and anticipation and schmidt's schema theory. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Information Processing and Memory organised?
- By the AQA 7582 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Information Processing and Memory, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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