The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis

What The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis covers

The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis is examined in Paper 1, Factors affecting participation in physical activity and sport. It covers planes, axes and sagittal plane joint actions, frontal and transverse plane joint actions, joint types, articulating bones and muscle pairs and isotonic and isometric contraction in sporting actions.

The 4 subtopics

Each one has its own page.

• Planes, axes and sagittal plane joint actionsThe sagittal plane and transverse axis, flexion, extension and hyperextension, plantar flexion and dorsiflexion, applied to kicking, sprinting, a bicep curl, a squat and a somersault.Open →
• Frontal and transverse plane joint actionsThe frontal plane and sagittal axis, abduction and adduction in a star jump and cartwheel, the transverse plane and longitudinal axis, horizontal abduction and adduction in a discus throw and a skater's spin.Open →
• Joint types, articulating bones and muscle pairsBall and socket and hinge joints and their articulating bones, agonists and antagonists at the elbow, knee, ankle, hip and shoulder, the hamstrings and the quadriceps.Open →
• Isotonic and isometric contraction in sporting actionsIsotonic, concentric, eccentric and isometric contractions, analysed in squats, press-ups, a bicep curl, a scrum, a high jump take-off and a tennis forehand.Open →

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Take The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis further

The same content, four other ways.

Commonly confused

Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.

• Flexion vs Extension

  Flexion: a decrease in the angle between the bones at a joint. Extension: an increase in the angle between the bones at a joint.

• Abduction vs Adduction

  Abduction: a movement of a limb away from the body's midline. Adduction: a movement of a limb towards the body's midline.

• Plantar flexion vs Dorsiflexion

  Plantar flexion: the ankle movement that points the toes away from the shin. Dorsiflexion: the ankle movement that pulls the toes up towards the shin.

Questions from this topic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What is the sagittal plane?

   Model answer

   The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into left and right halves.

2. 2

   Which axis is paired with movement in the sagittal plane?

   Model answer

   Movement in the sagittal plane occurs about the transverse axis. The transverse axis runs horizontally from side to side through the body.

3. 3

   Which joint actions occur in the sagittal plane?

   Model answer

   Flexion, extension and hyperextension occur in the sagittal plane. Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion at the ankle also occur in the sagittal plane.

4. 4

   Define flexion.

   Model answer

   Flexion is a decrease in the angle between the bones at a joint.

5. 5

   Define extension and hyperextension.

   Model answer

   Extension is an increase in the angle between the bones at a joint. Hyperextension is an increase beyond 180 degrees, past the straight position.

6. 6

   What is plantar flexion?

   Model answer

   Plantar flexion is the ankle movement that points the toes away from the shin. Plantar flexion increases the angle at the ankle.

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The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis revision questions

What does The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis cover in AQA A-Level Physical Education?

4 subtopics: planes, axes and sagittal plane joint actions, frontal and transverse plane joint actions, joint types, articulating bones and muscle pairs and isotonic and isometric contraction in sporting actions. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.

How is The Musculo-Skeletal System and Movement Analysis organised?

By the AQA 7582 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.