Frontal and transverse plane joint actions

Overview

The frontal plane and sagittal axis, abduction and adduction in a star jump and cartwheel, the transverse plane and longitudinal axis, horizontal abduction and adduction in a discus throw and a skater's spin.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1. 1

   What is the frontal plane?

   Model answer

   The frontal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back halves.

2. 2

   Which axis is paired with the frontal plane?

   Model answer

   The frontal plane is paired with the sagittal axis. The sagittal axis runs horizontally from front to back through the body.

3. 3

   Define abduction.

   Model answer

   Abduction is movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

4. 4

   Define adduction.

   Model answer

   Adduction is movement of a limb towards the midline of the body.

5. 5

   Which joint action occurs at the shoulders as the arms rise sideways in a star jump?

   Model answer

   Abduction occurs at the shoulders. The middle deltoid lifts the arms away from the midline.

6. 6

   Which joint action occurs at the hips as the legs come back together in a star jump?

   Model answer

   Adduction occurs at the hips. The adductor muscles pull the legs back towards the midline.

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