Key term
Edexcel A-Level Physical Education 9PE0
The Musculo-Skeletal System
Levers, Newton's Laws and Stability
The Respiratory System
The Cardiovascular System
The Neuromuscular System
Adaptations to Training
Energy Systems
Fatigue and Recovery
Diet, Nutrition and Supplements
Fitness Testing
Components and Principles of Training
Training Methods and Periodisation
Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation
Linear and Angular Motion
Projectile Motion and Fluid Mechanics
Coaching and Skill Classification
Learning Theories
Practice and Guidance
Feedback and Motor Control
Information Processing and Memory
Personality and Attitudes
Arousal and Anxiety
Aggression
Motivation
Social Facilitation
Group Dynamics and Cohesion
Goal Setting
Attribution Theory
Confidence and Self-Efficacy
Leadership
The Emergence of Modern Sport
Equality, Diversity and Migration in Sport
The Globalisation of Sport
The Commercialisation of Sport
Ethics and Deviance in Sport
Sport and the Media
Talent Identification and Elite Development
Participation and the Health of the Nation
Diet, Nutrition and Supplements
- 4 subtopics
- 12 things to know
- Component 1
What Diet, Nutrition and Supplements covers
Diet, Nutrition and Supplements is examined in Component 1, Scientific principles of physical education. It covers energy balance, nutrients and optimal weight, hydration, electrolytes and sports drinks, legal supplements and their effects and carbohydrate loading and fuelling around exercise.
Where it is assessed
Component 1
Scientific principles of physical education, a 2 hour 30 minute paper worth 40% of the qualification.
Check the Pearson Edexcel specification ↗The 4 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Energy balance, nutrients and optimal weightEnergy balance, daily energy expenditure and BMR, energy per gram of each nutrient, a worked energy intake, optimal weight for a marathon runner and a prop, power-to-weight ratio, rapid weight loss, RED-S, and the roles of each nutrient.Open →
- Hydration, electrolytes and sports drinksElectrolytes, hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic drinks and when to use each, plain water in long events, hyponatraemia, hydrating before, during and after exercise, worked sweat loss and rehydration figures, and monitoring hydration.Open →
- Legal supplements and their effectsDietary supplements, creatine and its side effects, caffeine, sodium bicarbonate, nitrates and beetroot juice, beta-alanine, protein supplements, glucose gels, and the risk of supplements for a drug-tested athlete.Open →
- Carbohydrate loading and fuelling around exerciseDietary manipulation, the traditional and modified methods of carbohydrate loading and their drawbacks, pre-event meals, the glycaemic index, carbohydrate during long events, the recovery window, carbohydrate-to-protein ratios and daily protein needs.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
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Name a supplement that supports each of energy stores, hydration, recovery, metabolism and delaying fatigue.
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What is energy balance?
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What is dietary manipulation?
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What happens to body mass in a positive energy balance?
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What are electrolytes?
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What is a dietary supplement in sport?
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What is carbohydrate loading?
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When might a performer deliberately create a negative energy balance?
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Why are electrolytes important during exercise?
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How does creatine supplementation improve performance?
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Describe the traditional depletion method of carbohydrate loading.
Take Diet, Nutrition and Supplements further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Hypotonic drink vs Hypertonic drink
Hypotonic drink: a fluid with fewer dissolved particles than blood, absorbed rapidly. Hypertonic drink: a fluid with more dissolved particles than blood, supplying energy but absorbed slowly.
Positive energy balance vs Negative energy balance
Positive energy balance: intake exceeding expenditure, so body mass rises. Negative energy balance: expenditure exceeding intake, so body mass falls.
Creatine vs Sodium bicarbonate
Creatine: a supplement that boosts PC stores for repeated sprints. Sodium bicarbonate: a supplement that buffers hydrogen ions in intense efforts of a few minutes.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is energy balance?
Model answer
Energy balance compares the energy taken in as food and drink with the energy used. Body mass stays stable when intake equals expenditure.
- 2
What happens to body mass in a positive energy balance?
Model answer
A positive energy balance occurs when intake exceeds expenditure. The surplus is stored, mainly as fat, and body mass rises.
- 3
When might a performer deliberately create a negative energy balance?
Model answer
A performer might reduce body mass to make a weight category or improve power-to-weight ratio. A lightweight rower and a jockey are examples.
- 4
What makes up a person's daily energy expenditure?
Model answer
Daily energy expenditure combines basal metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food and physical activity. Physical activity is the most variable part.
- 5
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Model answer
BMR is the minimum energy needed to maintain essential body functions at rest. BMR accounts for most of the daily energy use of an inactive person.
- 6
How much energy does a gram of carbohydrate, fat and protein provide?
Model answer
Carbohydrate and protein each provide about 4 kcal (17 kJ) per gram. Fat provides about 9 kcal (37 kJ) per gram.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Diet, Nutrition and Supplements revision questions
- What does Diet, Nutrition and Supplements cover in Edexcel A-Level Physical Education?
- 4 subtopics: energy balance, nutrients and optimal weight, hydration, electrolytes and sports drinks, legal supplements and their effects and carbohydrate loading and fuelling around exercise. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Diet, Nutrition and Supplements organised?
- By the Edexcel 9PE0 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Diet, Nutrition and Supplements, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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