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Data Security and Integrity

Malicious and accidental damage to data

  • 3 things to know
  • AS Unit 1

Overview

Situation in which an untested software update damages data, logic bomb and four measures that reduce accidental damage.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Why is accidental damage generally a more frequent problem than deliberate attack?

Key term

Distinguish malicious damage from accidental damage.

Key term

Give three examples of malicious damage to data.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Distinguish malicious damage from accidental damage.

    Model answer

    Malicious damage is caused deliberately by someone intending harm; accidental damage results from error, carelessness or failure with no intention behind it.

  2. 2

    Give three examples of malicious damage to data.

    Model answer

    A dismissed employee deleting customer records, an intruder altering figures in an accounts file, and malware encrypting a company's documents to extort payment.

  3. 3

    Give three examples of accidental damage to data.

    Model answer

    Saving a new document over an existing one, deleting the wrong folder, and a power failure while a file is being written.

  4. 4

    Why is accidental damage generally a more frequent problem than deliberate attack?

    Model answer

    Ordinary users handle data constantly and any of them can slip, whereas a deliberate attack requires motive, opportunity and effort, so simple mistakes occur far more often.

  5. 5

    Describe a situation in which an untested software update damages data.

    Model answer

    An update installed without testing can write records in a changed format or mishandle existing values, corrupting a file that was previously sound.

  6. 6

    How can a file be damaged without anyone touching it?

    Model answer

    Data can be corrupted by a failing storage device, by interference during transmission or by a fault while it is being written, so the stored bits no longer match what was intended.

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