Why is a glacial trough straighter than the river valley it replaces?

Ice is far too thick and rigid to wind around the interlocking spurs of a river valley. The spurs are cut through instead, so the valley is straightened.

Give a named glacial trough in the UK.

Nant Ffrancon in Snowdonia is a classic glacial trough between the Glyderau and the Carneddau. Great Langdale in the Lake District is another.

Name a glacial trough outside the UK.

Yosemite Valley in California is a granite glacial trough about 1 km deep. The Lauterbrunnen valley in Switzerland is a smaller European example.

Define a truncated spur.

A truncated spur is the blunt, steep end of a ridge cut off by a glacier. The interlocking spur that once projected into the valley has been sliced through.

Eduqas A-Level Geography A110QS

Coastal LandscapesLandscape

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Glaciated Landscapes

Glacial troughs, ribbon lakes, hanging valleys and truncated spurs

2 things to know
Component 1 Section A

Overview

Glacial trough, truncated spur and hanging valley.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Define a glacial trough.

Key term

Explain how a glacial trough is formed.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Define a glacial trough.
Model answer
A glacial trough is a steep-sided, flat-floored valley with a U-shaped cross section. Ice has widened and deepened a pre-existing river valley.
2
Explain how a glacial trough is formed.
Model answer
Ice fills a river valley and erodes its floor and both sides at once by abrasion and plucking. The V-shaped river cross section is straightened, widened and deepened into a U.
3
Why is a glacial trough straighter than the river valley it replaces?
Model answer
Ice is far too thick and rigid to wind around the interlocking spurs of a river valley. The spurs are cut through instead, so the valley is straightened.
4
Give a named glacial trough in the UK.
Model answer
Nant Ffrancon in Snowdonia is a classic glacial trough between the Glyderau and the Carneddau. Great Langdale in the Lake District is another.
5
Name a glacial trough outside the UK.
Model answer
Yosemite Valley in California is a granite glacial trough about 1 km deep. The Lauterbrunnen valley in Switzerland is a smaller European example.
6
Define a truncated spur.
Model answer
A truncated spur is the blunt, steep end of a ridge cut off by a glacier. The interlocking spur that once projected into the valley has been sliced through.

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