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Individual, Social and Legal Considerations

Online censorship

  • 3 things to know
  • A2 Unit 1

Overview

Online censorship, four bodies that restrict what can be seen online and three technical methods used to restrict access to online material.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What does ethical content moderation require of the body doing it?

Key term

What is meant by online censorship?

Key term

Name four bodies that restrict what can be seen online.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is meant by online censorship?

    Model answer

    Online censorship is the deliberate blocking, removal or restriction of material on the internet so that some or all users cannot reach it.

  2. 2

    Name four bodies that restrict what can be seen online.

    Model answer

    Governments require material to be blocked and internet service providers filter traffic. Platforms remove content under their own terms, and employers and schools filter their own networks.

  3. 3

    Describe three technical methods used to restrict access to online material.

    Model answer

    Access is restricted by blocking particular addresses or domain names, by refusing to resolve a name so the site cannot be found, and by removing pages from search results so users never learn of them.

  4. 4

    What arguments are made in favour of restricting online content?

    Model answer

    Restriction is defended as necessary to remove material that is illegal in itself and to protect children from harmful content. Preventing incitement to violence and limiting deliberate falsehood during an emergency are also given as reasons.

  5. 5

    Why is the removal of some material uncontroversial?

    Model answer

    Material that is criminal in itself is removed under the law and few dispute it, so the ethical argument concerns material that is lawful but considered harmful by someone.

  6. 6

    State the main ethical objection to online censorship.

    Model answer

    Restricting what may be published or read interferes with freedom of expression and with the public's access to information, and the objection is strongest where the body deciding what may be said is the same body being criticised.

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